Manufacturing Engineering & Technology
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780133128741
Author: Serope Kalpakjian, Steven Schmid
Publisher: Prentice Hall
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Chapter 22, Problem 42QLP
List and explain the considerations involved in determining whether a cutting tool should be reconditioned, recycled, or discarded after use.
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Explain the following terms and situations in metal cutting. Give enough explanation with figures if it is necessary.
A)Force and chatter vibrations. How can you detect the vibration during the machining? How can you decide which type of the vibration you have?
B) Mode shapes.
C)Mode coupling.
D)Process damping. Which parameters can affect the process damping?
i)Mode coupling.
j) Regenerative chatter vibrations.
k) Stability lobes.
Question 1. Provide brief explanations to each one of the following questions:
1.a. Explain why studying the types of chips produced is important in understanding cutting
operations.
1.b. Describe the reasons for and advantages of coating cutting tools with multiple layers of
different materials. What are the possible effects of these coatings on the developed chip during
cutting process
1.c. Describe the reasons for and advantages of coating cutting tools with multiple layers of
different materials.
1.d. Emulsion cutting fluids typically consist of 95% water and 5% soluble oil and chemical
additives. Why is the ratio so unbalanced? Is the oil needed at all?
1.e. What is the difference between a live center and a dead center, when these terms are used in
the context of workholding in a lathe?
Discuss the effects of cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut on the tool wear rate during a turning operation.
How does each parameter influence the surface finish of the workpiece?
Provide a detailed explanation based on the principles of metal cutting mechanics.
Chapter 22 Solutions
Manufacturing Engineering & Technology
Ch. 22 - What are the major properties required of...Ch. 22 - What is the composition of a typical carbide tool?Ch. 22 - Why were cutting-tool inserts developed?Ch. 22 - Why are some tools coated? What are the common...Ch. 22 - Explain the applications and limitations of...Ch. 22 - List the major functions of cutting fluids.Ch. 22 - Why is toughness important for cutting-tool...Ch. 22 - Is the elastic modulus important for cutting-tool...Ch. 22 - Explain how cutting fluids penetrate the toolchip...Ch. 22 - List the methods by which cutting fluids are...
Ch. 22 - Describe the advantages and limitations of (a)...Ch. 22 - What is a cermet? What are its advantages?Ch. 22 - Explain the difference between M-series and...Ch. 22 - Why is cBN generally preferred over diamond for...Ch. 22 - What are the advantages to dry machining?Ch. 22 - Explain why so many different types of...Ch. 22 - Which tool-material properties are suitable for...Ch. 22 - Describe the reasons for and advantages of coating...Ch. 22 - Make a list of the alloying elements used in...Ch. 22 - As stated in Section 22.1, tool materials can have...Ch. 22 - Explain the economic impact of the trend shown in...Ch. 22 - Why does temperature have such an important effect...Ch. 22 - Ceramic and cermet cutting tools have certain...Ch. 22 - What precautions would you take in machining with...Ch. 22 - Can cutting fluids have any adverse effects in...Ch. 22 - Describe the trends you observe in Table 22.2.Ch. 22 - Why are chemical stability and inertness important...Ch. 22 - Titanium-nitride coatings on tools reduce the...Ch. 22 - Describe the necessary conditions for optimal...Ch. 22 - Negative rake angles generally are preferred for...Ch. 22 - Do you think that there is a relationship between...Ch. 22 - Make a survey of the technical literature, and...Ch. 22 - In Table 22.1, the last two properties listed...Ch. 22 - It has been stated that titanium-nitride coatings...Ch. 22 - Note in Fig. 22.1 that all tool materials,...Ch. 22 - Referring to Table 22.1, state which tool...Ch. 22 - Which of the properties listed in Table 22.1 is,...Ch. 22 - If a drill bit is intended only for woodworking...Ch. 22 - What are the consequences of a coating on a tool...Ch. 22 - Discuss the relative advantages and limitations of...Ch. 22 - Emulsion cutting fluids typically consist of 95%...Ch. 22 - List and explain the considerations involved in...Ch. 22 - Review the contents of Table 22.1. Plot several...Ch. 22 - Obtain data on the thermal properties of various...Ch. 22 - The first column in Table 22.2 shows 10 properties...Ch. 22 - Describe in detail your thoughts regarding the...Ch. 22 - One of the principal concerns with coolants is...Ch. 22 - How would you go about measuring the effectiveness...Ch. 22 - There are several types of cutting-tool materials...Ch. 22 - Assume that you are in charge of a laboratory for...Ch. 22 - Tool life could be greatly increased if an...Ch. 22 - List the concerns you would have if you needed to...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, mechanical-engineering and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Tool design What are some of the typical considerations for each one of the following metal cutting processes.arrow_forward(a) Draw and label the basic orthogonal cutting process model. The diagram must include cutting direction, shear plane, chip formation and all relevant angles. (b) An orthogonal cutting operation is being carried out under the following conditions: depth of cut, to = 0.1 mm, chip thickness, to 0.2 mm, width of cut = 4 mm, cutting speed, v = 3 m/s, rake angle, a = 10°, Cutting force, Fo = 5000 N, and Thrust force, Fi= 200 N. Calculate the percentage of the total energy that is dissipated in the shear plane of cutting process. *)arrow_forwardDuring orthogonal cutting operation of material has shear strength 95.5 Mpa. The cutting force is more than thrust force by 10%. The rake angle = 5°, the width of the cut = 5.0 mm, the chip thickness before the cut = 0.6, and the chip thickness ratio = 0.38. Determine (a) both cutting force and thrust force and (b) the coefficient of friction in the operation.arrow_forward
- Question 2. The two sources of heat are (a) shearing in the primary shear plane and (b) friction at the tool-chip interface. What type of the tool wear or tool failure could be caused as a result of developing these heat sources on machining process? Explain your answer in accordance with following representation of tool wear. Insert cutting edgearrow_forwardSelect suitable material for hacksaw blades and explain the selection procedure for selecting suitable material for hacksaw blades?arrow_forwardDraw the geometry of single point cutting tool (3 views) and explain the importance of each angle in metal cutting.arrow_forward
- (a) Taylor's equation is used to predict the life of a tool. Explain the main parameters that effect a tool life with the help of a graph.arrow_forwardA process engineer is trying to improve the life of a cutting tool. He has run a 23 experiment using (1) cutting speed, (2) metal hardness, (3) and cutting angle as the factors. The data from the 2 replicates are shown below. (a) Do any of the 3 factors affect tool life? (b)what combination of the factor levels produces the longest tool life? (c) Is there a combination of cutting speed and cutting angle that always gives good results regardless of metal hardness? Replicate Run I II (1) 221 311 a 325 435 b 354 348 ab 552 472 c 440 453 ac 406 377 bc 605 500 abc 392 419arrow_forward1. A milling operation is to be performed on a ductile cast iron shaft to make slots for assembly. The operation will be done at high speeds for good surface finish. For each of the following tool materials, indicate whether it is a reasonable candidate to use in the operation with a detailed description of why or why not including required alloying element/grade/group etc. where applicable: (i) plain carbon steel, (ii) high-speed steel, (iii) cemented carbide, (iv) ceramic, and (v) Sintered polycrystalline diamond. After selection of material/materials discuss about (i) recommended angles and tool signature (ii) how to held cutting edge, and type of cutting fluids With reasons for each recommended material. 2. Make a figure and explain how shear plane angle effect the power requirements in the machining. How can you reduce the power requirements during machining in orthogonal cutting?arrow_forward
- calculate the time taken to complete a 300 mm long cut on an aluminium plate using a 75 mm diameter slab mill with 6 teeth.arrow_forwardThe results of machining steel with two grades of tool material are given below: Taylor's Exponent Cutting speed for 1(one) minuto Tool A B tool life metres/min 100 120 0.20 0.25 (i) For a 400 minute tool life, which tool is recommended and why? (ii) The tool changing time for the preferred tool is 15 minutes which cutting speed has to be chosen from the available speeds 45 m/min; 5 m/min.arrow_forwardIn a cutting test with 0.3 mm flank wear as tool failure criterion, a tool life of 10 min was obtained at a cutting velocity of 20 m/min. Taking tool life exponent as 0.25, the tool life in minutes at 40 m/min of cutting velocity will bearrow_forward
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