Manufacturing Engineering & Technology
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780133128741
Author: Serope Kalpakjian, Steven Schmid
Publisher: Prentice Hall
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Textbook Question
Chapter 22, Problem 22QLP
Why does temperature have such an important effect on tool life?
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Make a comprehensive write up on tool-wear and tool life with due reference to cutting speed and tool life. ( Manufacturing process)
In a production turning operation, the workpart is 60 mm in diameter and 500 mm
long. A feed of 0.75 mm/rev is used in the operation. If cutting speed-9 m/s, the tool
must be changed every 4 workparts; But if cutting speed=5 m/s, the tool can be used
to produce 50 pieces between tool changes. Determine the Taylor tool life equation for
this job. (use the equations given below for solution)
L
Tm- 1,= Nf
N
AD, vT" = C
%3|
AD,L
Tm
fv
Question 2. The two sources of heat are (a) shearing in the primary shear plane and (b) friction at
the tool-chip interface. What type of the tool wear or tool failure could be caused as a result of
developing these heat sources on machining process? Explain your answer in accordance with
following representation of tool wear.
Insert cutting edge
Chapter 22 Solutions
Manufacturing Engineering & Technology
Ch. 22 - What are the major properties required of...Ch. 22 - What is the composition of a typical carbide tool?Ch. 22 - Why were cutting-tool inserts developed?Ch. 22 - Why are some tools coated? What are the common...Ch. 22 - Explain the applications and limitations of...Ch. 22 - List the major functions of cutting fluids.Ch. 22 - Why is toughness important for cutting-tool...Ch. 22 - Is the elastic modulus important for cutting-tool...Ch. 22 - Explain how cutting fluids penetrate the toolchip...Ch. 22 - List the methods by which cutting fluids are...
Ch. 22 - Describe the advantages and limitations of (a)...Ch. 22 - What is a cermet? What are its advantages?Ch. 22 - Explain the difference between M-series and...Ch. 22 - Why is cBN generally preferred over diamond for...Ch. 22 - What are the advantages to dry machining?Ch. 22 - Explain why so many different types of...Ch. 22 - Which tool-material properties are suitable for...Ch. 22 - Describe the reasons for and advantages of coating...Ch. 22 - Make a list of the alloying elements used in...Ch. 22 - As stated in Section 22.1, tool materials can have...Ch. 22 - Explain the economic impact of the trend shown in...Ch. 22 - Why does temperature have such an important effect...Ch. 22 - Ceramic and cermet cutting tools have certain...Ch. 22 - What precautions would you take in machining with...Ch. 22 - Can cutting fluids have any adverse effects in...Ch. 22 - Describe the trends you observe in Table 22.2.Ch. 22 - Why are chemical stability and inertness important...Ch. 22 - Titanium-nitride coatings on tools reduce the...Ch. 22 - Describe the necessary conditions for optimal...Ch. 22 - Negative rake angles generally are preferred for...Ch. 22 - Do you think that there is a relationship between...Ch. 22 - Make a survey of the technical literature, and...Ch. 22 - In Table 22.1, the last two properties listed...Ch. 22 - It has been stated that titanium-nitride coatings...Ch. 22 - Note in Fig. 22.1 that all tool materials,...Ch. 22 - Referring to Table 22.1, state which tool...Ch. 22 - Which of the properties listed in Table 22.1 is,...Ch. 22 - If a drill bit is intended only for woodworking...Ch. 22 - What are the consequences of a coating on a tool...Ch. 22 - Discuss the relative advantages and limitations of...Ch. 22 - Emulsion cutting fluids typically consist of 95%...Ch. 22 - List and explain the considerations involved in...Ch. 22 - Review the contents of Table 22.1. Plot several...Ch. 22 - Obtain data on the thermal properties of various...Ch. 22 - The first column in Table 22.2 shows 10 properties...Ch. 22 - Describe in detail your thoughts regarding the...Ch. 22 - One of the principal concerns with coolants is...Ch. 22 - How would you go about measuring the effectiveness...Ch. 22 - There are several types of cutting-tool materials...Ch. 22 - Assume that you are in charge of a laboratory for...Ch. 22 - Tool life could be greatly increased if an...Ch. 22 - List the concerns you would have if you needed to...
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- In a cutting test with 0.3 mm flank wear as tool failure criterion, a tool life of 10 min was obtained at a cutting velocity of 20 m/min. Taking tool life exponent as 0.25, the tool life in minutes at 40 m/min of cutting velocity will be?arrow_forwardIn a production turning operation, the workpart is 60 mm in diameter and 500 mm long. A feed of 0.75 mm/rev is used in the operation. If cutting speed=9 m/s, the tool must be changed every 4 workparts; But if cutting speed=5 m/s, the tool can be used to produce 50 pieces between tool changes. Determine the Taylor tool life equation for this job. (use the equations given below for solution)arrow_forward(a) Taylor's equation is used to predict the life of a tool. Explain the main parameters that effect a tool life with the help of a graph.arrow_forward
- . Let n = 0.5 and C = 90 in the Taylor equation for tool wear. What is the percent increase %3D in cutting speed if the tool life is reduced by (a) 50% and (b) 75%?arrow_forwardThree tool materials are to be compared for the same finish turning operation on a batch of 100 steel parts: high speed steel, cemented carbide, and ceramic. For the high speed steel tool, the 170 Taylor equation parameters are: n = 0.125 and C = 70. The price of the HSS tool is $15.00 and it is estimated that it can be ground and reground 15 times at a cost of $1.50. Tool change time = 3 min. Both carbide and ceramic tools are in insert form and can be held in the same mechanical toolholder. The Taylor equation parameters for the cemented carbide are: n = 0.25 and C = 500; and for the ceramic: n = 0.6 and C = 3,000. The cost per insert for the carbide = $6.00 and for the ceramic = $8.00. Number of cutting edges per insert in both cases = 6. Tool change time = 1.0 min for both tools. Time to change parts = 2.0 min. Feed = 0.25 mm/rev, and depth = 3.0 mm. The cost of machine time = $30/hr. The part dimensions are: diameter = 56.0 mm and length = 290 mm. Setup time for the batch is 2.0…arrow_forwardTurning tests have resulted in 1 min tool life at a cutting speed = 4.0 m/s and a 20 min tool life at a speed = 2.0 m/s. (a) Find the n and C values in the Taylor tool life equationarrow_forward
- Research the cutting tool alternatives which could be used for such operation. What are the parameters that could be optimized in the geometry of the cutting tool (The seven elements of tool geometry for a single point cutting tool)? What are some of the tool life criteria used in production machining operations?arrow_forwardFor a turning operation using a ceramic cutting tool, if the speed is increased by 50%, bywhat factor must the feed rate be modified to obtain a constant tool life? Use n = 0.5 and y =0.6.arrow_forward2 1.4 1 The Taylor tool-life equation is directly applicable to flank wear. Explain whether or not it can be used to model tool life if other forms of wear are dominant.arrow_forward
- (a) Research the cutting tool alternatives which could be used for such operation. What are the parameters that could be optimized in the geometry of the cutting tool (The seven elements of tool geometry for a single point cutting tool)? What are some of the tool life criteria used in production machining operations? (b) In a turning operation on stainless steel with hardness = 200 HB, the cutting speed = 250 m/min, feed = 0.3 mm/rev, and depth of cut = 8 mm. How much power will the lathe draw in performing this of 7 operation if it's mechanical efficiency = 95%. Use Table below to obtain the annropriate specific enerey valuearrow_forwardExplain any one of the turning operations in terms of tool shape,tool path, final and generated geometry, possible tolerances. Then list possible applications or products that are made using that operation.arrow_forwardThe results of machining steel with two grades of tool material are given below: Taylor's Exponent Cutting speed for 1(one) minuto Tool A B tool life metres/min 100 120 0.20 0.25 (i) For a 400 minute tool life, which tool is recommended and why? (ii) The tool changing time for the preferred tool is 15 minutes which cutting speed has to be chosen from the available speeds 45 m/min; 5 m/min.arrow_forward
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