Manufacturing Engineering & Technology
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780133128741
Author: Serope Kalpakjian, Steven Schmid
Publisher: Prentice Hall
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Chapter 22, Problem 39QLP
What are the consequences of a coating on a tool having a different coefficient of thermal expansion than the substrate material?
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Define the comparative surface roughness values against typical manufacturing processes.
A. Assuming you have been given the responsibility of procuring some cutting toolfor UCSI workshop. Based on your knowledge in manufacturing processes, oneof the major properties of interest in a cutting tool material is the hot hardness.Explain the relationship between the cost of a cutting tool and its hot hardness citing at least FOUR (4) examples of cutting tools.
b. During a certain machining experiment at the UCSI workshop, it is observedthat temperature at the tool workpiece interface is 1200 oC at a cutting speed of 300 mm/min with a feed rate of 0.002 mm/rev.(i) Analyse how the temperature will be affected if the cutting speed isincreased by 100 %.(ii) Determine the cutting speed necessary to achieve a maximum cuttingtemperature of 900 oC.
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Chapter 22 Solutions
Manufacturing Engineering & Technology
Ch. 22 - What are the major properties required of...Ch. 22 - What is the composition of a typical carbide tool?Ch. 22 - Why were cutting-tool inserts developed?Ch. 22 - Why are some tools coated? What are the common...Ch. 22 - Explain the applications and limitations of...Ch. 22 - List the major functions of cutting fluids.Ch. 22 - Why is toughness important for cutting-tool...Ch. 22 - Is the elastic modulus important for cutting-tool...Ch. 22 - Explain how cutting fluids penetrate the toolchip...Ch. 22 - List the methods by which cutting fluids are...
Ch. 22 - Describe the advantages and limitations of (a)...Ch. 22 - What is a cermet? What are its advantages?Ch. 22 - Explain the difference between M-series and...Ch. 22 - Why is cBN generally preferred over diamond for...Ch. 22 - What are the advantages to dry machining?Ch. 22 - Explain why so many different types of...Ch. 22 - Which tool-material properties are suitable for...Ch. 22 - Describe the reasons for and advantages of coating...Ch. 22 - Make a list of the alloying elements used in...Ch. 22 - As stated in Section 22.1, tool materials can have...Ch. 22 - Explain the economic impact of the trend shown in...Ch. 22 - Why does temperature have such an important effect...Ch. 22 - Ceramic and cermet cutting tools have certain...Ch. 22 - What precautions would you take in machining with...Ch. 22 - Can cutting fluids have any adverse effects in...Ch. 22 - Describe the trends you observe in Table 22.2.Ch. 22 - Why are chemical stability and inertness important...Ch. 22 - Titanium-nitride coatings on tools reduce the...Ch. 22 - Describe the necessary conditions for optimal...Ch. 22 - Negative rake angles generally are preferred for...Ch. 22 - Do you think that there is a relationship between...Ch. 22 - Make a survey of the technical literature, and...Ch. 22 - In Table 22.1, the last two properties listed...Ch. 22 - It has been stated that titanium-nitride coatings...Ch. 22 - Note in Fig. 22.1 that all tool materials,...Ch. 22 - Referring to Table 22.1, state which tool...Ch. 22 - Which of the properties listed in Table 22.1 is,...Ch. 22 - If a drill bit is intended only for woodworking...Ch. 22 - What are the consequences of a coating on a tool...Ch. 22 - Discuss the relative advantages and limitations of...Ch. 22 - Emulsion cutting fluids typically consist of 95%...Ch. 22 - List and explain the considerations involved in...Ch. 22 - Review the contents of Table 22.1. Plot several...Ch. 22 - Obtain data on the thermal properties of various...Ch. 22 - The first column in Table 22.2 shows 10 properties...Ch. 22 - Describe in detail your thoughts regarding the...Ch. 22 - One of the principal concerns with coolants is...Ch. 22 - How would you go about measuring the effectiveness...Ch. 22 - There are several types of cutting-tool materials...Ch. 22 - Assume that you are in charge of a laboratory for...Ch. 22 - Tool life could be greatly increased if an...Ch. 22 - List the concerns you would have if you needed to...
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- A process engineer is trying to improve the life of a cutting tool. He has run a 23 experiment using (1) cutting speed, (2) metal hardness, (3) and cutting angle as the factors. The data from the 2 replicates are shown below. (a) Do any of the 3 factors affect tool life? (b)what combination of the factor levels produces the longest tool life? (c) Is there a combination of cutting speed and cutting angle that always gives good results regardless of metal hardness? Replicate Run I II (1) 221 311 a 325 435 b 354 348 ab 552 472 c 440 453 ac 406 377 bc 605 500 abc 392 419arrow_forwardQuestion 2. The two sources of heat are (a) shearing in the primary shear plane and (b) friction at the tool-chip interface. What type of the tool wear or tool failure could be caused as a result of developing these heat sources on machining process? Explain your answer in accordance with following representation of tool wear. Insert cutting edgearrow_forwardYou have been asked to work on some design problems and technically support the team working on material removal processes: 1. Technician is turning (lathing) a work material with a shear strength of 270 MPa as shown in Figure 1. The following conditions are used: v = 5.0 m/s, f = 0.30 mm/rev, d = 3.0 mm, and rake angle = 15° in the direction of the chip flow. The resulting chip ratio = 0.5 , material removal rate = 4500 mm3/min ,shear plane angle = 29.02° and the shear strain is = 2.052. Chip Tool R. RF: Turning process.Using the orthogonal model as an approximation of turning, you have been asked to determine: (a) Shear force. (b) Cutting force and thrust force. (c) Friction angle.arrow_forward
- You have been asked to work on some design problems and technically support the team working on material removal processes: 1. Technician is turning (lathing) a work material with a shear strength of 270 MPa as shown in Figure 1. The following conditions are used: v = 5.0 m/s, f = 0.30 mm/rev, d = 3.0 mm, and rake angle = 15° in the direction of the chip flow. The resulting chip ratio = 0.5. Chip Tool R. RF. Work Figure 1: Turning process. Using the orthogonal model as an approximation of turning, you have been asked to determine: (a) Shear force. (b) Cutting force and thrust force. (c) Friction angle.* ) material removal rate = 4500 mm3/min * ) shear plane angle = 29.02° * ) shear strain = 2.052arrow_forwardYou have been asked to work on some design problems and technically support the team working on material removal processes: 1. Technician is turning (lathing) a work material with a shear strength of 270 MPa as shown in Figure 1. The following conditions are used: v = 5.0 m/s, f = 0.30 mm/rev, d = 3.0 mm, and rake angle = 15° in the direction of the chip flow. The resulting chip ratio = 0.5. Chip Tool R. RF. Work Figure 1: Turning process. Using the orthogonal model as an approximation of turning, you have been asked to determine: (a) Material removal rate (b) Shear plane angle. (c) Shear strain. (d) Shear force. (e) Cutting force and thrust force.arrow_forward(a) An engineer would like to drill a square hole of 20 mm x 20 mm with depth of 25 mm on a layered structure of natural fibre-reinforced polymer composite. He encountered delamination problem in the workpiece (Figure 3) when he used conventional cutting tool to drill the hole. Instead of using conventional machining process, discuss ONE suitable advanced machining process that can be applied for this machining purpose and predict TWO possible limitations for the selected process. Cutting Tool Delamination Composite Material Figure 3. Delamination of the composite material.arrow_forward
- The shear strength of a certain work material 110000 lb/in?. An orthogonal cutting operation is performed using a tool with a rake angle is equal -12° and chip thickness before the cut is 0.026 in, width of cut is 0.120 in, also the chip thickness after cut is 0.082 in. Determine: (a) the shear plane angle, (b) the shear force, (c) cutting force, (d) thrust force, and (e) friction force.arrow_forward(a) Figure 1 shows surface roughness and tolerances obtained in Chemical Machining (CM) and Electrochemical Machining (ECM) process for different types of electronic products. Comment on the differences between chemical and electrochemical machining process in terms of surface roughness and tolerance of the machined product as illustrated in Figure 1. 0.9 CM 0.8 0.7 Z ECM 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 Product A Product B Product C Product D Products 25 E ČM 20 Z ECM 15 10 Product A Product B Product C Product D Products Figure 1: Surface roughness and tolerances of various electronic products Surface roughness, Ra Tolerance, (t mm x 10)arrow_forwardWhat are the three main deformation zones in metal cutting and how does the heat distributeover a metal during any cutting processarrow_forward
- How does the cutting-edge equipment improve upon its predecessors?arrow_forwardIn an orthogonal cutting test with a bar of 75 mm diameter is reduced to 73 mm by using a HSS tool with arake angle = 10o, following observations were made: length of the chip, lc = 69.44 mm, cutting ratio r =0.3, the horizontal component of the cutting force, FH = 1450 N, and the vertical component of the cuttingforce, FV = 850 N. The various parameters recorded in this cutting operation are: depth of cut, d = 2 mm;feed rate, f = 0.3 mm/rev, cutting speed, V = 60 m/min. Using Merchant’s theory calculate the following:1) Friction force along rake face2) Normal force acting on rake face3) Shear force along the shear plane4) Normal force acting on shear plane5) The percentage error in shear angle predicted by Merchant’s theory6) Shear velocity7) Chip velocity8) Total work done9) The shear work proportion out of the total work done10) The friction work proportion out of the total work donearrow_forwardWhat are the benefits of employing Unified Process, and why is it important?arrow_forward
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