Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134015187
Author: John E. McMurry, David S. Ballantine, Carl A. Hoeger, Virginia E. Peterson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 22, Problem 22.82GP
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The liver cell is to synthesise new glucose via gluconeogenesis and muscle cell use glucose via glycolysis, why this good physiological strategy for your body, the reason should be explained.
Concept Introduction:
Gluconeogenesis, it is the metabolic process by which glucose (or) glycogen is synthesized from non-carbohydrate precursors,
- Lactate is anaerobic
metabolism - Glycogenic amino acids, it is undergoes for protein degradation.
- Glycerol (Lipolysis)
- Propionyl-CoA
Glycolysis: This is one of biochemical pathway that breakdown a molecules of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate and producing for some energy.
Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm and has two major phases.
- Energy investment phase
- Energy payoff phase
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Which of the following statements about
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Red blood cells can catalyse aerobic
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Fructose cannot be used for
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oxygen only if pyruvate is formed from
lactate in muscle.
All of the reactions of glycolysis are freely
reversible for gluconeogenesis.
Red blood cells can only metabolise
glucose by anaerobic glycolysis and the
pentose phosphate pathway.
During anaerobic conditions, lactate travels from the muscle to the liver via the
bloodstream. What is lactate converted into when it reaches the liver before it
returns back to the muscle?
Glucagon
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Which enzyme deficiency is most likely to cause glycogen to be full of short, stubby branches compared to normally structure glycogen in the affected organ? Explain.
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Chapter 22 Solutions
Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
Ch. 22.2 - Prob. 22.1PCh. 22.2 - Prob. 22.2PCh. 22.3 - Prob. 22.3PCh. 22.3 - Prob. 22.4PCh. 22.3 - Prob. 22.5PCh. 22.3 - Prob. 22.6KCPCh. 22.4 - Prob. 22.1CIAPCh. 22.4 - Prob. 22.2CIAPCh. 22.4 - Prob. 22.3CIAPCh. 22.4 - Explain the chemical process that leads to...
Ch. 22.4 - Prob. 22.5CIAPCh. 22.4 - Prob. 22.7PCh. 22.4 - Prob. 22.8PCh. 22.5 - In alcoholic fermentation, each mole of pyruvate...Ch. 22.5 - Name three ways humans have exploited the ability...Ch. 22.5 - Pyruvate has three different fates. What are the...Ch. 22.6 - Prob. 22.12PCh. 22.6 - Prob. 22.13PCh. 22.7 - Prob. 22.14PCh. 22.7 - Prob. 22.15PCh. 22.7 - Prob. 22.16KCPCh. 22.7 - Prob. 22.6CIAPCh. 22.7 - Prob. 22.7CIAPCh. 22.7 - Prob. 22.8CIAPCh. 22.8 - Prob. 22.17PCh. 22.8 - Prob. 22.18PCh. 22.9 - Prob. 22.19PCh. 22.9 - Prob. 22.20PCh. 22.9 - Prob. 22.21PCh. 22.9 - Prob. 22.9CIAPCh. 22.9 - Prob. 22.10CIAPCh. 22.9 - Prob. 22.11CIAPCh. 22.9 - Prob. 22.12CIAPCh. 22 - What class of enzymes catalyzes the majority of...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.23UKCCh. 22 - Prob. 22.24UKCCh. 22 - Prob. 22.25UKCCh. 22 - Classify each enzyme of glycolysis into one of the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.27UKCCh. 22 - Name the molecules used for gluconeogenesis. What...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.31APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.32APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.33APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.34APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.35APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.36APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.37APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.38APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.39APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.40APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.41APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.42APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.43APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.44APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.45APCh. 22 - Review the 10 steps in glycolysis (Figure 22.3)...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.47APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.49APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.50APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.51APCh. 22 - How many moles of acetyl-CoA are produced by the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.53APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.54APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.55APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.56APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.57APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.58APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.59APCh. 22 - Why does glycogenolysis use fewer steps than the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.61APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.62APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.63APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.64APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.65APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.66APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.67APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.68APCh. 22 - Why can pyruvate cross the mitochondrial membrane...Ch. 22 - Look at the glycolysis pathway (Figure 22.3). With...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.71CPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.72CPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.74CPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.75CPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.76CPCh. 22 - Why is it important for the cell that the NADH...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.78CPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.79CPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.80CPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.81CPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.82GPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.83GPCh. 22 - It is important to avoid air when making wine, so...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.85GP
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Similar questions
- Define Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis. How GLYCOLYSIS and GLUCONEOGENESIS does reciprocally regulated in the body? Explain it.arrow_forwardGlucose can be made from oxaloacetate during gluconeogenesis, but if oxaloacetate concentrations are decreased,what other substance can be used to make glucose? How might this contribute to increased fat loss?arrow_forwardYou are studying energy production and metabolic activities of prostate cancer cells in the lab. You compare energy metabolism in these cancer cells with normal cells. Which of the following would you observe? Select all that apply Oxidative phosphorylation is reduced in cancer cells compared to normal cells Glycolysis is reduced in cancer cells compared to normal cells Oxidative phosphorylation is enhanced in cancer cells compared to normal cells Glycolysis is enhanced in cancer cells compared to normal cellsarrow_forward
- How would the following enzymes speed up or slow down glycolysis? - high levels of Amp - high levels of atp - high levels of piarrow_forwardMost of the middle steps of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis are easily reversible and therefore hard to regulate. What controls whether we go in the forward (glycolysis) or reverse (gluconeogenesis) direction for these steps? (your answer should be one word)arrow_forwardWhy is glucose provided by glycogenolysis in the liver but not in skeletal muscle?arrow_forward
- Arrange the following pathways in order of their occurrence as source of energy for the body during fasting and starvation: 1. glycogenolysis 2. lipid catabolism 3. gluconeogenesis 4. ketogenesisarrow_forwardWhat is the effect of insulin on the committed step of glycolysis in the liver? Describe the mechanism by which insulin can affect the activity of this enzyme in the liver?arrow_forwardThe enzyme aldolase catalyzes the fourth step of glycolysis. This enzyme has a zinc ion (Zn2+) bound in its active site. This ion likely binds which of the amino acids?arrow_forward
- The body doesn’t have a reserve of proteins or amino acids for energy production. Which class of protein may be used initially during fasting to maintain glucose and energy levels? What is the difference between a glucogenic and ketogenic amino acid and why are both important during fasting?arrow_forwardA patient has a defective liver FBPase-2 enzyme, the enzyme that converts F2,6P into F6P. This enzyme is inactive. What effect would this have on the differential regulation of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis in liver cells? How would this affect a person's ability to respond appropriately to a low blood sugar state? What about a high blood sugar state?arrow_forwardWhy is it important that gluconeogenesis is not the exact reversal of glycolysis?arrow_forward
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