Concept explainers
To review:
The sister group to the seed plants among the taxa provided.
Given:
Table 1 shows data matrix in order to reconstruct the phylogeny of the plants present on the land:
Table 1: Data matrix for reconstructing the phylogeny.
Introduction:
A phylogenetic tree is used to show to the history of the evolution of species, genes, and populations. These trees are based on the biochemical attributes, physical structures, and behavior of the genes. The various elements of the tree are called taxa. They can be animals, plants, humans, mammals, and others. It consists of the clade, which is the situation, where the taxon consists of all the evolutionary traits of the ancestor. The species who are the closest relative of the other species is called sister species. The two clades who are the closest relatives of each other are called sister clade.
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Life: The Science of Biology
- Match the following taxa and descriptions to their corresponding and appropriate group or classification. Match each item to a choice: The Yew Family The pollen cones would bear leaf-life structures called microsporophylls while the seed cones would bear megasporophylls. The leaves are palm-like, however, they are not related with the True Palms One of the most ancient plants that served as food for non-flying dinosaurs. The Araucaria Family The Cypress Family The Pine Family The Podocarp Family Also known as the Maidenhair Tree Family This gymnosperm is a dioecious plant with fan-shaped leaves Choices: : Cupressaceae : Cycadaceae : Ginkgoaceae Тахасеае : Сусadaceae Сусadaceaе : Ginkgoaceae ::: :::arrow_forwardFILL UP THE TABLE WITH 1=PRESENT AND 0=ABSENT Xylem Wood and Phloem Seeds Chloroplast Cuticle and Flower Chlamydomonas Marchantia Psilotum Gingko |xora Construct a phylogenetic tree for the following OTU and use bars to denote their apomorphiesarrow_forwardDraw a phylogeny of the following groups of the Archiplastida: red algae, charophytes, mosses, lycophytes, pterophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms. Mark on the phylogeny at least six evolutionary transitions in life cycle. Can you please draw on a sheet of paperarrow_forward
- Now you will practice identifying the phylogenetic tree that corresponds to a given character table. The following table shows three key events in the evolution of plants: the development of vascular tissue, the development of flowers, and the development of seeds. Plant groups Vascular Tissue Flowers Seeds Gymnosperms 1 0 1 Mosses 0 0 0 Ferns 1 0 0 Angiosperms 1 1 1 Select the phylogenetic tree that correctly represents the data in the character table.arrow_forwardCreate a hypothetical phylogenetic tree using 11 plant species listed below. Chara, Nitella, Marchantia, Polytrichum, Equistem, Psilotum, Polypodium, Pinus, Zamia, Arabidopsis, and Lilium. Divide the species into five specific groups (Charophytes, Bryophytes, Monolithophytes, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms) which will be the clades of your phylogenetic tree.arrow_forwardMake a schematic diagram summarizing the methodology of "Seed plant phylogeny inferred from all three plant genomes: Monophyly of extant gymnospersm and origin of Gnetales from conifers" by Shu-Miaw Chaw, Christopher L. Parkinson, Yuchang Cheng, Thomas M. Vincent, and Jeffrey D. Palmer.arrow_forward
- the charophytes are at the base of the phylogenetic line of land plants. True or Falsearrow_forwardRecent DNA evidence suggests to some plant taxonomists that the traditional way of classifying flowering plants is not correct, and that flowering plants need to be completely reclassified. Other botanists disagree, saying it would be chaotic and unwise to disregard the historical classification groups. Argue for an against keeping traditional classification schemes.arrow_forwardCertain eudicot clades contain plants with many relictual features. Name and describe several.arrow_forward
- Construct a cladogram based on the following data. Mosses are plants with no vascular tissue. Horsetails, ferns, gymnosperms (pines and other plants with naked seeds), and angiosperms (flowering plants) are all vascularplants. Seeds are absent in all but the gymnosperms and angiosperms. Angiosperms are the only seed plants with flowersarrow_forwardHow does the cladogram relate to many botanists referring to land plants asembryophytes?arrow_forwardIn regards to flowering plants which of the following would be the best example of a symplesiomorphy and a synapomorphy respectively? Seeds enclosed in an ovary wall, rhizoids Alternation of generation, reproducing via flowers and fruits Archegonia produced in megastrobilli, Chlorophyll a and b Sporophyte dominance, reproduction via sporesarrow_forward
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