Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 21.1, Problem 1R
Summary Introduction
To review:
The biological processes, which are represented, in a phylogenetic tree.
Introduction:
All the life present on the earth is known to be the part of a single phylogenetic tree and this indicates that there was one common ancestry. The study of biological species and their entities is known as phylogeny.
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Do these phylogenetic trees tell the same story?
a) What is a phylogenetic tree?
b) What is a branch point?
c) What are sister taxa?
d) What is a ‘rooted’ phylogenetic tree?
With two specific examples, explain why phylogenetics is a useful scientific tool for studying Organismal biology?
Chapter 21 Solutions
Life: The Science of Biology
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- How does a phylogenetic tree indicate major evolutionary events within a lineage?arrow_forward1. a) What is a phylogenetic tree? b) What do the lines and branches in a phylogenetic tree represent?arrow_forwardHow does a phylogenetic tree indicate the evolutionary relatedness of species?arrow_forward
- Within the field of phylogenetics, what does a “bootstrap value” represent? (write/make 3 points for this question)arrow_forwardWhich statement is usually true about phylogenetic trees? a) nodes represent points when traits have evolved b) branch tips that are next to each other are more closely related c) the branching pattern describes the hypothesized evolutionary relationships between the taxa d) the order of the branch tips (left to right) indicates which taxa are more advanced evolutionarilyarrow_forwardThe number of possible trees resulting from phylogenetic analysis grows exponentially with the number taxa, such that in a 22 taxon analysis there are more possible unrooted trees than there are stars in the universe. A) True B) False C) It depends on the inference method and optimality criteria used. D) Number of taxa and number of unrooted tree possibilities are unrelated in phylogenetic analysis.arrow_forward
- Compare phylogenetic trees created using DNA data with phylogenetic trees created using chromosomal banding patterns. Which technique do you think is more valuable and why?arrow_forwardWhat is a clade?arrow_forwardDraw a simple phylogenetic tree for two sisters clades with a common ancestor. Each sister clade consists of two taxa. Define the following terms and use to label your diagram: clade, node, branch, common ancestor, and taxon.arrow_forward
- Some organisms that appear very closely related on a phylogenetic tree may not actually be closely related. Why is this?arrow_forwardHow can we use morphological traits to determine branching patterns on phylogenetic trees?arrow_forwardwhat is a major problem with morphologically based analysis of wale placement in a phylogenetic tree ?arrow_forward
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