Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Now you will practice identifying the phylogenetic tree that corresponds to a given character table. The following table shows three key events in the evolution of plants: the development of vascular tissue, the development of flowers, and the development of seeds.

Plant groups Vascular Tissue Flowers Seeds
Gymnosperms 1 0 1
Mosses 0 0 0
Ferns 1 0 0
Angiosperms 1 1 1
Select the phylogenetic tree that correctly represents the data in the character table.
 
This image depicts a phylogenetic tree representing plant evolution. 

- **Mosses**: Illustrated at the top, mosses are non-vascular plants that are among the most primitive forms of plant life. They are depicted with simple, small green structures, indicating their lack of complex systems for nutrient and water transport.

- **Ferns**: Positioned below mosses, ferns are vascular plants, showcasing more complex structures than mosses with their characteristic fronds. They represent an evolutionary advancement with vascular tissues.

- **Gymnosperms**: These are depicted toward the bottom, showing plants like conifers. Gymnosperms are seed-producing plants that do not form flowers or fruit. The illustration includes a pine branch with cones, highlighting their mode of reproduction.

- **Angiosperms**: The illustration of flowering plants, positioned next to gymnosperms, represents the most complex and diverse group of plants. The diagram includes a flower, emphasizing their defining characteristic of seed development inside an ovary, which matures into fruit.

The branching structure of the tree indicates evolutionary relationships, with common ancestors at the branches' intersection. Each branch represents a significant evolutionary divergence in plant history.
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Transcribed Image Text:This image depicts a phylogenetic tree representing plant evolution. - **Mosses**: Illustrated at the top, mosses are non-vascular plants that are among the most primitive forms of plant life. They are depicted with simple, small green structures, indicating their lack of complex systems for nutrient and water transport. - **Ferns**: Positioned below mosses, ferns are vascular plants, showcasing more complex structures than mosses with their characteristic fronds. They represent an evolutionary advancement with vascular tissues. - **Gymnosperms**: These are depicted toward the bottom, showing plants like conifers. Gymnosperms are seed-producing plants that do not form flowers or fruit. The illustration includes a pine branch with cones, highlighting their mode of reproduction. - **Angiosperms**: The illustration of flowering plants, positioned next to gymnosperms, represents the most complex and diverse group of plants. The diagram includes a flower, emphasizing their defining characteristic of seed development inside an ovary, which matures into fruit. The branching structure of the tree indicates evolutionary relationships, with common ancestors at the branches' intersection. Each branch represents a significant evolutionary divergence in plant history.
The image displays three phylogenetic trees, each representing evolutionary relationships among four groups of plants: Angiosperms, Gymnosperms, Ferns, and Mosses. Here's a breakdown of each tree from top to bottom:

1. **First Tree:**
   - Angiosperms are separate from the other groups.
   - Gymnosperms and Ferns are closer to each other.
   - Ferns and Mosses are together on one branch.

2. **Second Tree:**
   - Mosses are separate from the other groups.
   - Ferns are closest to Gymnosperms and Angiosperms share a branch.

3. **Third Tree:**
   - Mosses are separate.
   - Ferns share a branch with Gymnosperms and Angiosperms.
   - Gymnosperms and Angiosperms share a closer relationship.

Each tree has an option button to select the arrangement that best represents plant evolution, indicating user interaction is possible, such as choosing the most accurate evolutionary pathway. This setup is useful for educational purposes, fostering understanding of plant evolutionary history.
expand button
Transcribed Image Text:The image displays three phylogenetic trees, each representing evolutionary relationships among four groups of plants: Angiosperms, Gymnosperms, Ferns, and Mosses. Here's a breakdown of each tree from top to bottom: 1. **First Tree:** - Angiosperms are separate from the other groups. - Gymnosperms and Ferns are closer to each other. - Ferns and Mosses are together on one branch. 2. **Second Tree:** - Mosses are separate from the other groups. - Ferns are closest to Gymnosperms and Angiosperms share a branch. 3. **Third Tree:** - Mosses are separate. - Ferns share a branch with Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. - Gymnosperms and Angiosperms share a closer relationship. Each tree has an option button to select the arrangement that best represents plant evolution, indicating user interaction is possible, such as choosing the most accurate evolutionary pathway. This setup is useful for educational purposes, fostering understanding of plant evolutionary history.
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