Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305112100
Author: Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 21, Problem 1CT
Summary Introduction
To explain: Whether the mutation in DNA or mutation in mRNA is harmful.
Introduction: DNA is the genetic material of some viruses, prokaryotes, archaea, and eukaryotes. The mRNA is synthesized by transcription from a DNA template and plays a vital role in protein synthesis. Mutations are the changes in the DNA sequences that are heritable if it occurs in germ line cells.
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A mutation in a gene’s exons is more damaging than a mutation in a genes intron. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Explain your answer.
Mutations that affect organisms are
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Which mutation would have a larger effect on the protein resulting from a
gene: an insertion or deletion of one nucleotide in a DNA sequence or an
insertion or deletion of three nucleotides in a DNA sequence? Explain
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- What are point mutations? Of the different mutations, which is the most deleterious? Justify your answer with suitable genetic disease.arrow_forwardWhich type of point mutation does not affect the resulting protein? a deletion b missense mutation c silent mutation d nonsense mutationarrow_forwardIs mutation really necessary or can we live without it? Support your answer.arrow_forward
- Errors in DNA are called mutations. what are some good and bad consequences of mutationsarrow_forwardFinally, imagine that a mutation occurred in the codon below and an A was inserted between the two Ts. How would this affect the mRNA and the amino acid for that codon? Old DNA codon Old RNA codon Old amino acid New DNA codon New mRNA codon New amino acid T T G T A T G This would be an example of which type of a mutation?__________________________arrow_forwardSome genetic mutations can cause devastating diseases in humans. However, not all mutations result in disease. What are 2 reasons/ways that mutations may not necessarily be negative or harmful? Explain each reason. Your answer should be at least 100 words.arrow_forward
- What are the classes of mutations that can be made in the genetic code? In your own words describe how each class of mutation changes the protein that gets madearrow_forwardNow imagine that a mutation occurred at the first G in the DNA sequence above and the G became a C. How would this affect the mRNA and the amino acid for that codon? Old DNA codon Old RNA codon Old amino acid New DNA codon New mRNA codon New amino acid T T G T T C This would be an example of which type of a point mutation?__________________________arrow_forwardA gene contains the sequence CGCATACGGTAC that results in the amino acid sequence arg-ile-arg-tyr. A mutation in this gene removes the first G in the strand.What is true of this mutation's effect on the phenotype?1.It will affect the phenotype because although most of the protein will be identical, the first amino acid will be different.2.It will not affect the phenotype because the protein will be identical to the original protein.3.It will affect the phenotype because all the amino acids past this point will be different from the original protein.4.It will not affect the phenotype because only the first amino acid is different from the original protein.arrow_forward
- which of the following statements accurately describes genetic mutationsarrow_forwardCompare and contrast nonsense mutations, silent mutations, and missense mutations including the impact of the mutation on the protein produced. Your answer should be 3-7 sentences sentences long and fully explain how they are similar and what is different between the mutations.arrow_forwardRefer to the partial gene sequence of DNA nucleotide bases listed below, and the genetic code chart on the next page to answer the following questions. Partial gene sequence of DNA nucleotides: A C C T T A A T G A A C T C T 42. What is the mRNA nucleotide sequence that would result from transcription of the partial gene sequence of DNA nucleotides? 43. What is the protein amino acid sequence resulting from translation of the mRNA sequence from the previous question? 44. In the gene sequence of DNA nucleotides, guanine (G) is mistakenly replaced by adenine (A) during DNA replication. What type of mutation would this be considered based on how it occurred? ________ a) spontaneous b) gametic c) mutagenic d) carcinogenic 45. Consider the mutation from the previous question. If it occurred within a skin cell of the body, what type of mutation would this also be considered based on where it occurred? ________ a) gametic b) germline c) heritable d) somaticarrow_forward
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