Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305112100
Author: Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 21, Problem 2RQ
Summary Introduction
To name: One kind of mutation that produces an altered protein.
Introduction: Mutations are alterations in gene that code for a particular protein and can affect a single base pair or a segment of chromosome. Proteins are major macromolecules made of several amino acid micro molecules and have a wide array of functions.
Summary Introduction
To explain: What determines whether the altered protein will have beneficial, neutral, or harmful effects?
Introduction: Mutations are alterations in gene that code for a particular protein and can affect a single base pair or a segment of chromosome. Proteins are major macromolecules made of several amino acid micro molecules and have a wide array of functions.
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What are the three possible effects on the cell (or organism) when a mutation occurs in DNA? Which ones are most common? Which one is rare?
name one kind of mutation that produces an altered protein. what determines wether the altered protein will have beneficial, neutral or harmful affects?
Two types of mutations are (1) nucleotide changes and (2) unstable genome regions that undergo dynamic changes. Describe each type of mutation.
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- Discuss the following mutations with reference to specific genetic disorders: i) Faulty DNA repair; ii) Gain-of-function; and iii) Trinucleotide repeats. Give steps for each mutations.arrow_forwardTwo possible point mutations are the substitution of lysine for leucine or the substitution of serine for threonine. Which is likely to be more serious and why?arrow_forwardThe table below shows different types of mutations in different positions in four genes. Choose the letter (A to E), from the drop-down menu, that represents the most likely type of protein that will be produced from each of these mutated genes. A: completely normal protein B: functional protein with ONE amino acid different from normal C: non-functional protein with ONE amino acid different from normal D: non-functional protein with MANY amino acids different from normal E: no protein at all Answer Type of mutation Position of mutation in gene (A, B, C, D, or E) before the part of the gene that specifies the active site of the enzyme 2 base pair insertion Inonsense immediately before the stop codon in the part of the gene that specifies the active site of the enzyme silent 1 base pair insertion in an intronarrow_forward
- Explain the term mutation.arrow_forwardWhat three different types of mutations involve changes in a single base, and what effect can each of them have on a coding sequence? Which type is the most common? Which type has the most severe effect on the function of the encoded protein?arrow_forwardWhat are the three possible outcomes of point mutations?arrow_forward
- Two types of mutations discussed in this chapter are 1) nucleotide changes and 2) unstable genome regions that undergo dynamic changes. Describe each type of mutation.arrow_forwardName four types of point mutations that can occur in a gene coding for a protein. Discuss the possible effect each of these can have on the protein that is produced.arrow_forwardTwo missense mutations in the gene that encodes an enzyme called superoxide dismutase cause a form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, or Lou Gehrig disease). This disease causes loss of neurological function over a 5-year period. One mutation alters the amino acid asparagine (Asn) to lysine (Lys). The other changes an isoleucine (Ile) to a threonine (Thr). List the codons involved and describe how single-base mutations can alter the specified amino acids.arrow_forward
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