Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 20.2, Problem 2COMQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Antibodies are also known as immunoglobulins, which arelarge proteinsthat are produced by plasma cells. These antibodies are used by the immune system for killing and removing pathogens, which might be bacteria or virus, and provide protection to the organism from infection.
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Explain how each of the following processes contributes to antibody diversity. a. Somatic recombination b. Junctional diversity c. Hypermutation
The phenomenon of allelic exclusion ensures that B cells
a. use only one V, D, and J segment during somatic recombination
b. express only one type of heavy chain and one type of light chain
c. do not undergo alternative splicing until cell proliferation commences
d. do not secrete antibody until antigen is encountered
e. carry out affinity maturation directed at heavy chains and not light chains
f. derived from B-cell lymphomas are heterogeneous.
Explain how Somatic recombination contributes to antibody diversity.
Chapter 20 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 20.1 - 1. Homologous recombination refers to the exchange...Ch. 20.1 - During the molecular process of homologous...Ch. 20.1 - 3. A key difference between the original Holliday...Ch. 20.1 - Which of the following mechanisms can cause gene...Ch. 20.2 - 1. During site-specific recombination that occurs...Ch. 20.2 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 20.3 - Which of the following types of transposable...Ch. 20.3 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 20.3 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 20 - 1. Describe the similarities and differences...
Ch. 20 - Prob. 2CONQCh. 20 - 3. Which steps in the double-strand break model...Ch. 20 - Prob. 4CONQCh. 20 - Prob. 5CONQCh. 20 - Prob. 6CONQCh. 20 - Prob. 7CONQCh. 20 - 8. What is gene conversion?
Ch. 20 - Make a list of the differences between the...Ch. 20 - Prob. 10CONQCh. 20 - Prob. 11CONQCh. 20 - 12. According to the double-strand break model,...Ch. 20 - What type of DNA structure is recognized by RecG...Ch. 20 - Briefly describe three ways that antibody...Ch. 20 - 15. Describe the functions of the RAG1 and RAG2...Ch. 20 - According to the scenario shown in Figure 20.7,...Ch. 20 - Prob. 17CONQCh. 20 - Prob. 18CONQCh. 20 - 19. Why does transposition always produce direct...Ch. 20 - 20. Which types of TEs have the greatest potential...Ch. 20 - Prob. 21CONQCh. 20 - 22. Let’s suppose that a species of mosquito has...Ch. 20 - This chapter describes different types of TEs,...Ch. 20 - Prob. 24CONQCh. 20 - Prob. 25CONQCh. 20 - 26. What is the difference between an autonomous...Ch. 20 - 1. Briefly explain how McClintock determined that...Ch. 20 - The work of McClintock showed that the presence of...Ch. 20 - 3. In your own words, explain the term transposon...Ch. 20 - Prob. 4EQCh. 20 - 5. Gerald Rubin and Allan Spradling devised a...Ch. 20 - Make a list of the similarities and differences...Ch. 20 - Prob. 2QSDCCh. 20 - Prob. 3QSDC
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- A friend of yours has volunteered for a study on a new type therapy. He tells you that the researchers intend to examine his circulating red blood cells to of gene determine whether the gene was successfully inserted into a chromosome. Has your friend misunderstood the planned procedures? Explain your reasoning.arrow_forwardAn antisense experiment for a specific protein target would be most similar to... a. deleting that protein from an organism (knock-out). b. creating a GFP-fusion protein of that target protein. c. overexpressing a specific target gene. d. causing mislocalization of a specific protein.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is false about the two types of major histocompatibility complex molecules? A. They are encoded by multiple genes. B. They are encoded by highly polymorphic genes. C. They possess beta 2 microglobulin. D. They allow discrimination between self and foreign antigens. E. none of the abovearrow_forward
- The normal function of the Rb protein is toa. act as a brake on cell division.b. produce retinoblastoma.c. facilitate retinal pigmentation.d. initiate DNA replication.arrow_forwardIn addition to phagocytosis, neutrophils use a process called NETs. Which one of the following describes this process? A. NETs is a neutrophil process that activates the complement system of proteins, which destroys pathogens. B. NETs are chemicals secreted by neutrophils that trigger the rapid maturation of lymphoid stem cells into lymphocytes. C. A net-like structure of DNA, histones, lactoferrins, gelatinase, cathepsin G, and myeloperoxidase is secreted at pathogens. Together these chemicals destroy pathogens. D. NETs works when neutrophils secrete major basic proteins onto pathogens, destroying the pathogens' cell membranes.arrow_forwardWhich ONE of the following genetic patterns defines a patient with acute myeloid leukaemia with the most favourable prognosis? Select one: A.Deletion of chromosome 5 B.Normal karyotype with FLT3 tyrosine kinase domain mutation C.t(8;21) translocation D.Deletion of chromosome 7arrow_forward
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genetic recombination strategies of bacteria CONJUGATION, TRANSDUCTION AND TRANSFORMATION; Author: Scientist Cindy;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Va8FZJEl9A;License: Standard youtube license