Chapter 2, Problem 6IQ

a.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The valences of the four most common elements of living matter.

Introduction: In the simplest level of organization, the human body consists of various chemical structures. The substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical reactions are called elements. Every element has its own chemical symbol.

b.

Summary Introduction

To draw: The Lewis dot structure of given structures.

Introduction: In Lewis dot structures, covalent bonds between the atoms in a molecule are shown with dots and element symbols. Each atom of the molecule is represented by the symbol of the particular element, whereas the valence electrons of the element are depicted as dots around the symbol.