Chapter 2, Problem 2.71AP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of electrons, number of valence electrons and the name of the element with electronic configuration ${\text{1s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2p}}^{\text{6}}{\text{3s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{3p}}^4$ has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons:

Electrons have an electric charge of $\text{-1}$, which is equal but opposite to the charge of a proton, which have an electric charge of $\text{+1}\text{.}$  All atoms have the same number of electrons as protons, so the positive and negative charges cancel out making atoms electrically neutral.

Valence electrons:

Valence electrons are electrons that exist in the outermost shell surrounding an atomic nucleus.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of electrons, number of valence electrons and the name of the element with electronic configuration ${\text{1s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{2p}}^4$ has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).