Physical Universe
16th Edition
ISBN: 9780077862619
Author: KRAUSKOPF, Konrad B. (konrad Bates), Beiser, Arthur
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Chapter 19, Problem 8MC
To determine
The amount of atoms or molecules present in one cubic centimetre of the space between the stars in the Milky Way.
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The average energy of an atom or molecule in a gas is 3/2 kT where k is the Boltzmann Constant, and T is the temperature in kelvins. If you were to look at all the atoms in a snapshot of the gas and sort them out by energy, what is the most probable energy you would find for an atom?
8 k T / π
1/2 kT
3/2 kT
2 kT
Hello. I need help solving ( 9 & 10) with explanations, it goes with the diagram above. Please and thank you.
QUESTION 1
Estimate The Temperature For A Planet In Other Solar System (Questions 1-3)
Let us assume scientists just discovered a planet orbiting a star in an extra-solar system. The star has a surface temperature Ts = 10000 Kelvins and a radius Sr = 1x109 meters. Scientists also measured the distance (D)
between the star and the planet as D = 2 AU - 3.0x1011 meters.
The solar power per unit area from the star's surface (Ps) can be calculated from the star's surface temperature Ts (10000 Kelvins) by the Stefen-Boltzman law Ps=0(Ts)4, where o is Stefen-Boltzman constant (5.67 x 10-8
Watt/meter2/Kelvin4). What is the solar power per unit area from the star's surface (Ps)?
O Ps ~ 2.87 x 108 Watt/meter2
O
Ps ~ 5.67 x 108 Watt/meter2
O
O
Ps ~ 2.87 x 10 Watt/meter2
Watt/meter²
Ps ~ 5.67 x 10⁹
QUESTION 2
The solar power (Ps) decreases from the star's surface to the distance at the planet. Assuming the solar power per unit area at the distance of the planet as Pp, we have Pp=Ps(Sr/D)2, where…
Chapter 19 Solutions
Physical Universe
Ch. 19 - Prob. 1MCCh. 19 - Prob. 2MCCh. 19 - Prob. 3MCCh. 19 - Prob. 4MCCh. 19 - Prob. 5MCCh. 19 - Prob. 6MCCh. 19 - Prob. 7MCCh. 19 - Prob. 8MCCh. 19 - Prob. 9MCCh. 19 - Prob. 10MC
Ch. 19 - Prob. 11MCCh. 19 - Prob. 12MCCh. 19 - Prob. 13MCCh. 19 - Prob. 14MCCh. 19 - Prob. 15MCCh. 19 - Prob. 16MCCh. 19 - Prob. 17MCCh. 19 - Prob. 18MCCh. 19 - Prob. 19MCCh. 19 - Prob. 20MCCh. 19 - Prob. 21MCCh. 19 - Prob. 22MCCh. 19 - Prob. 23MCCh. 19 - Prob. 24MCCh. 19 - Prob. 25MCCh. 19 - Current ideas suggest that what is responsible for...Ch. 19 - Prob. 27MCCh. 19 - Prob. 28MCCh. 19 - The expansion of the universe apparently a. has...Ch. 19 - Prob. 30MCCh. 19 - The elements heavier than hydrogen and helium of...Ch. 19 - Prob. 32MCCh. 19 - Prob. 33MCCh. 19 - Prob. 34MCCh. 19 - Prob. 35MCCh. 19 - Prob. 36MCCh. 19 - Prob. 37MCCh. 19 - Prob. 38MCCh. 19 - Prob. 39MCCh. 19 - Prob. 40MCCh. 19 - It is likely that the planets, satellites, and...Ch. 19 - Prob. 42MCCh. 19 - Prob. 43MCCh. 19 - Prob. 1ECh. 19 - Prob. 2ECh. 19 - Prob. 3ECh. 19 - The earth undergoes four major motions through...Ch. 19 - Prob. 5ECh. 19 - Prob. 6ECh. 19 - Prob. 7ECh. 19 - Prob. 8ECh. 19 - Prob. 9ECh. 19 - Prob. 10ECh. 19 - Prob. 11ECh. 19 - Prob. 12ECh. 19 - Prob. 13ECh. 19 - Prob. 14ECh. 19 - Prob. 15ECh. 19 - Prob. 16ECh. 19 - Prob. 17ECh. 19 - Prob. 18ECh. 19 - Prob. 19ECh. 19 - Prob. 20ECh. 19 - Prob. 21ECh. 19 - There is no day-night difference in cosmic-ray...Ch. 19 - Prob. 23ECh. 19 - Prob. 24ECh. 19 - Prob. 25ECh. 19 - Prob. 26ECh. 19 - Prob. 27ECh. 19 - Prob. 28ECh. 19 - Prob. 29ECh. 19 - Prob. 30ECh. 19 - What is the observational evidence in favor of the...Ch. 19 - Prob. 32ECh. 19 - Prob. 33ECh. 19 - To what event in the history of the universe can...Ch. 19 - Prob. 35ECh. 19 - Prob. 36ECh. 19 - Prob. 37ECh. 19 - Prob. 38ECh. 19 - Prob. 39ECh. 19 - Prob. 40ECh. 19 - Prob. 41ECh. 19 - Prob. 42ECh. 19 - Prob. 43ECh. 19 - Prob. 44ECh. 19 - Prob. 45E
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- A certain radioactive material has a half-life of 8 minutes. Suppose you have a large sample of this material , containing 10^25 atoms. 5x10^24 atoms decay in the first 8 minutes and 2.5x10^24 atoms decay in the second 8 minutes. What is the ratio of the number of atoms that decay in the first 8 minutes to the number of atoms that decay in the second 8 minutes A 5/1 B 2/1 C 1/5 D 1/2arrow_forwardIt is important to have an idea about the distances between and relative sizes of celestial objects in the solar system. In Part 1 we will pretend to shrink the solar system until its center piece, the Sun, is 67.3 cm in diameter. This will represent the Sun which is 1,390,000 km in diameter. The scale of our model is thus: 67.3 cm = 4.84 x 10-5 cm km Scale 1, 390, 000 km To find the size or distance between objects in centimeters for the model, simply multiply the actual size or distance in kilometers by the scale factor above. 1. Fill in following table: Quantity Actual Distance (km) Model Distance (cm) Diameter of Sun 1,390,000 Diameter of Earth 12,760 Diameter of Moon 3,480 Distance Between Earth and Sun 1.5 x 108 Distance Between Earth and Moon 384,000 Distance to Proxima Centauri 3.97 x 1013arrow_forwardRecent findings in astrophysics suggest that the observable universe can be modeled as a sphere of radius R=13.7x109 light-years=13.0 x 1025m with an average total mass density of about 1x10-26 kg/m3 Only about 4% of total mass is due to “ordinary” matter (such as protons, neutrons, and electrons). Estimate how much ordinary matter (in kg) there is in the observable universe. (For the light-year, see Problem 19.)arrow_forward
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