Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 19, Problem 5TYK
T2 and T4 are two types of bacteriophage that infect E. coli. Suppose a bacteriophage is artificially constructed from T2 phage capsomeres and T4 phage DNA. If this phage is used to infect E. coli, the newly produced phages will have
- a. T4 protein and T4 DNA.
- b. T4 protein and T2 DNA.
- c. T2 protein and T2 DNA.
- d. T2 protein and T4 DNA.
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Students have asked these similar questions
In an experiment, scientists grew bacteriophages in a culture with radioactive phosphorus (32P). The phages were then allowed to infect E. coli.
a. The phages were then allowed to infect E. coli. Where was the 32P found after mixing with the E. coli?
In order to determine the genetic material of a T2 phage, Alfred Hershey and
Martha Chase conducted experiments using T2 phages that infected bacteria. In
one treatment, they grew phages with radioactive sulfur. In another treatment,
they grew phages with radioactive phosphorous. They allowed both types of
phages to infect bacterial cells. After infection, they found that only bacteria
infected with phages grown with radioactive phosphorous showed any
radioactivity. Why did they use radioactive sulfur and phosphorous for this
experiment? *
O Sulfur is part of the DNA molecule but not part of a protein molecule.
Sulfur and phosphorous are some of the most reactive molecules and are easily
traced.
Sulfur and phosphorous are able to survive the centrifuge, a crucial component of the
experiment.
O Phosphorous is part of the DNA molecule but not part of a protein molecule.
In Hershey and Chase’s experiment investigating which biological molecule carries genetic information, they found that phage DNA with radiolabeled phosphorus was retained in bacterial cells after transduction. To conclude that DNA is the genetic material, what assumption did they have to make?
(photo linked)
A.
Protein does not enter the bacterium during transduction.
B.
DNA does not stay in the media after transduction.
C.
All of the phage DNA was radiolabeled.
D.
Bacteria can be transduced by phage.
Chapter 19 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 19 - In the following diagram of lytic and lysogenic...Ch. 19 - Summarize the flow of genetic information during...Ch. 19 - How does a virus spread throughout a plant? Are...Ch. 19 - Create a concept map that describes the lytic and...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2SYKCh. 19 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 19 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 19 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 19 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 19 - T2 and T4 are two types of bacteriophage that...
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- When various strains of λ phage are seeded on a lawn of E. coli, they can form clear or turbid plaques. (b) For mutant λ phages that can only form clear plaques, give two different types of mutation in the phage that can explain the clear plaque phenotype.arrow_forwardThe contents of a plaque may not always contain a clonal population of phage if: a. Identical phages from a neighboring plaque diffuse into the original plaque b. The bacteria run out of resources too quickly and limit phage growth c. Different phages from a neighboring plaque diffuse into the original plaque d. All plaques on the plate originated from a pure phage culturearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is false? a. Plasmids can be exchanged between different species of bacteria. b. The blue circle represents a small chromosome. c. The blue circle is a plasmid that contains genes that confer resistance to specific antiobiotics. d. The blue circle represents a double-stranded molecule of DNA.arrow_forward
- If you wish to create an E. coli cell that is immune to phage lambda, which of the following genes should be incorporated into genomic DNA in the E. coli cell? Select one: a. N gene O b. Cro gene Ос. Cl gene O d. SSB genearrow_forwardIf the HIV did not have a reverse transcriptase enzyme, then which of the following would apply? Select one: a. The virus can make use of the reverse transcriptase enzyme from the host cell to convert its RNA into DNA b. Viral particles will be produced without reverse transcriptase enzyme since the original HIV is an RNA virus and needs to assemble RNA ant coat proteins together c. The virus will manufacture its proteins from its RNA using translation and ribosomes from host cell d. Provirus will not be formed and assembly of viral particles will never occur e. The virus will not be able to recognise the host cell and therefore entry into the cell is blockedarrow_forwardIn the 1953 study by Hershey and Chase A. 32P was found in supernatants after T2 infection B. 35S was found in bacterial pellets after T2 infection C. E. coli genomes were inherited after T2 infection D. RNA was excluded as THE heritable material E. T2 coats were removed with a blender after initial phage bindingarrow_forward
- How does a retrovirus prepare its genetic material for incorporation into the host cell genome? a. Host enzymes incorporate viral RNA directly into the genome. b. Host enzymes covert viral RNA to double-stranded viral DNA. c. Viral reverse transcriptase uses viral RNA to make double-stranded viral RNA. d. Viral reverse transcriptase uses viral RNA to make double-stranded viral DNA. e. Viral reverse transcriptase uses viral single-stranded DNA to make double-stranded viral DNA.arrow_forwardBacteria exposed to viruses incorporate sections of the virus’s DNA into the CRISPR array sequences in their genome. This mechanism allows bacteria to fight off the viruses, like an immune response: the information in CRISPR spacers served as “coordinates” for recognizing and cutting up invading DNA sequences. Describe what might happen under the conditions described after a bacteriophage infects a bacterial cell and releases its DNA into the bacterial cell. Explain why: 1. The invading phage DNA is recognized by the Cas proteins but not inserted into the CRISPR array region of the bacterial genome: The bacteria will be unable to elicit an immune response and will succumb to the phase infection 2. The cas genes on the bacterial genome contains a missense mutation that increases its cleavage/cut activityThe bacteria will elicit an immune response that will successfully fight the phage infectionarrow_forwardIn 2006, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the use of bacteriophage preparation that can be used on ready-to-eat meat and poultry products to kill Listeria monocytogenes, a bacterium that causes listeriosis. Some people may have concerns about the use of phages in foods. From what you have learned about bacteriophages and viruses, why do you think we do not have to be concerned about the presence of bacteriophages in food?arrow_forward
- An experimental drug therapy to treat patients with antibiotic-resistant bacteria involves introduction of a highly specific bacteriophage to the infected patient's bloodstream. Which of the following bacteriophage types would be the LEAST useful for this therapy? a. a lytic bacteriophage b. An enveloped virus c. An RNA virus d. a lysogenic bacteriophagearrow_forwardPhage conversion in which viruses add genes to a bacterial cell can be considered to be a form of a. standard inheritance. b. horizontal gene transfer. c. vertical gene transfer. d. parasitism.arrow_forwardWhat happens when T2 phages are grown with radioactive phosphorus? a. Their DNA becomes radioactive. b. Their proteins become radioactive. c. Their DNA is found to be medium density in a centrifuge tube. d. They are no longer able to transform bacterial cells. e. They transfer their radioactivity to E. coli chromosomes during infection. ...Explain your answer.arrow_forward
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