Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134042435
Author: Michael D. Johnson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 19, Problem 1TY
All of the following statements about homologous chromosomes are true except:
a. One of each pair of homologous chromosomes comes from each parent.
b. The alleles on homologous chromosomes are identical to each other.
c. They have genes for the same traits at the same loci.
d. Homologous chromosomes physically pair up and may exchange parts during meiosis.
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Students have asked these similar questions
The physical cause of the law of independent assortment for genes on the same chromosome is which of the following?
Group of answer choices
A. crossing over
B. separation of homologous chromosomes in mitosis
C.separation of sister chromatids in mitosis
D. separation of sister chromatids in meiosis
E. separation of homologous chromosomes in meiosis
The diploid number of an organism is 12. How many chromosomes would be expected from the following conditions?
a. monosomic for 1 chromosome
b. trisomic for 2 chromosomes
c. tetrasomic for 1 chromosome
d. nullosomic for 2 chromosomes
e. monoploid
f. triploid
2) A. Explain how polyribosomes form.
B. Why might you expect the insertion of 3 DNA base pairs to be less disruptive than th
deletion of a single base pair?
C. Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis with respect to their genetic outcomes?
D. What are the possible consequences of non-disjunction during cell division?
E. How does meiosis increase genetic diversity in populations?
Chapter 19 Solutions
Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
Ch. 19 - If you might be a carrier of a gene for an...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2QCCh. 19 - Prob. 1CRCh. 19 - Prob. 2CRCh. 19 -
3. Distinguish between genotype and phenotype.
Ch. 19 - Describe the contributions of Mendel to the field...Ch. 19 - Explain how alterations of chromosome number and...Ch. 19 - Prob. 6CRCh. 19 - Prob. 7CRCh. 19 - Describe what is meant by sex-linked inheritance.
Ch. 19 -
9. Explain why lethal diseases caused by dominant...Ch. 19 - Prob. 10CRCh. 19 - All of the following statements about homologous...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2TYCh. 19 -
3. Which of the following statements correctly...Ch. 19 - Prob. 4TYCh. 19 - Prob. 5TYCh. 19 - Prob. 6TYCh. 19 - Prob. 7TYCh. 19 - Which of the following results in the separation...Ch. 19 - Prob. 9TYCh. 19 - Prob. 10TYCh. 19 - What tool is used to determine the probabilities...Ch. 19 - Prob. 12TYCh. 19 - What is the basis for the tremendous genetic...Ch. 19 - Prob. 14TYCh. 19 -
15. Which of the following events or processes...Ch. 19 -
1. What fraction of the offspring of two...Ch. 19 -
2. Why is it that the range of resting blood...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3AWKCh. 19 - Geneticists often study patterns of gene transfer...Ch. 19 - Prob. 5AWKCh. 19 - Prob. 6AWKCh. 19 - Nondisjunction during meiosis can lead to the...
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- Represent the segregation of chromosomes during Meiosis 1 and Meiosis 2 a.) normal segregation in male b.) abnormal segregation in female Make use of circles as representing cells undergoing the above processes. Inside the circles are the chromosome number of the male or the female.arrow_forwardRepresent the segregation of chromosomes during Meiosis 1 and Meiosis 2 a.) normal segregation in male b.) abnormal segregation in female Make use of circles as representing cells undergoing the above processes. Inside the circles are the chromosome number of the male or the female. Answer must be a number not a drawing.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is a TRUE statement regarding the outcome of meiosis? A. In meiosis, one diploid cell (2n) can produce 2 haploid cells in males (1n). B. In meiosis, four haploid cells (1n) can produce 2 diploid cells (2n) in males. C. In meiosis, one diploid cell (2n) can produce up to 4 haploid cells (1n) in males. D. In meiosis, one diploid cell (2n) can produce 2 diploid cells (2n) in females.arrow_forward
- Separation of homologous chromosomes during Meiosis I requires: Select one: a. Removing centromere cohesion b. Nondisjunction c. Separase If nondisjunction occurred during Meiosis II: Select one: a. We assume all other meiotic events occurred normally b. All four gametes will be abnormal c. There is a higher risk that a second nondisjunction event occurredarrow_forwardSex-reversed females with XY were found to be missing SRY gene on their Y chromosomes, while sex-reversed males with XX were found to carry a portion of a Y chromosome that has the SRY gene. What can you conclude from these two cases? 1.Sex determination depends primarily on the combination of sex chromosomes and the presence of SRY gene. 2.X and Y chromosomes can’t pair up during meiosis because they are not true homologous chromosomes. 3.Nonreciprocal crossover could result in translocation of the SRY gene between X and Y chromosome. 4. The SRY gene has a key role to determine maleness. 5.The Y chromosome contains a gene that determine maleness.arrow_forwardAn individual can have an abnormal number of chromosomes as a result of nondisjunction. Identify the following example of nondisjunction that results in an abnormal number of chromosomes. A. Sister chromatids do not separate in meiosis II. B. Homologous chromosomes move apart appropriately during meiosis I. C. Mitosis occurs normally during embryonic development. D. Two normal gametes fuse during fertilization.arrow_forward
- What two processes are responsible for generating genetic diversity in gametes? Select one or more: a. Independent assortment of homologous chromosomes b. Separation of sister chromatids c. Recombination (“crossing over”) of sister chromatids d. Recombination (“crossing over”) of homologous chromosomesarrow_forwardAt the end of meiosis in humans, four gametes are produced that are: A. Genetically identical to each other and to the parent cell B. Genetically identical to each other but genetically different from the parent cell C. Genetically different from each other and the parent cell D. Genetically identical to the parent cell from different from each otherarrow_forwardAn organism has two chromosomes only. Chromosome 1 has its centromere near one end and carries the A-locus. Chromosome 2 has its centromere at the centre and carries the B-locus. Consider a heterozygous with alleles A and B inherited from one parent and alleles a and b from the other parent. What does the following figure represent? a. Metaphase of meiosis I b. Metaphase of meiosis II c. Metaphase of mitosis d. Metaphase of mitosis or meiosis IIarrow_forward
- Which of the below explains why trisomy is better tolerated in humans than monosomy? (Select all correct options). a. Loss of heterozygosity in monosomy b. Increased gene expression in trisomic cells is beneficial c. Reduced gene expression in monosomy d.The extra chromosome in trisomic cells is degraded Which two are both necessary to hold a tetrad together until Anaphase I? a) nondisjunction b) cross over c) centromere cohesion d) synaptonemal complex e) separese activityarrow_forwardGenes G and H are located on chromosome 18. A woman with the genotype Gg Hh has a child with a man with the genotype GG HH. Unfortunately, the child has the genotype Ggg hhh and only survives for 6 months. When and in which parent did nondisjunction occur? Group of answer choices a. Meiosis II in the mother b. Meiosis I in the mother c. Meiosis I in the father d. Meiosis II in the fatherarrow_forwardDuring meiosis, when crossing-over occurs between two homologous chromosomes, it does not happen at a single point, but rather two points with a stretch of DNA in between. What are the two junction points called?What is the region between the two points called and what is different about this region compared to how double-stranded DNA usually is?If the region described in b.) is located within a gene and the two homologues have different alleles of this gene, what might happen that is a direct violation of Mendel’s first law? (Describe the process with 2-3 sentences of detail.)arrow_forward
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