Becker's World of the Cell (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780321934925
Author: Jeff Hardin, Gregory Paul Bertoni
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Textbook Question
Chapter 19, Problem 19.2PS
Tracking a Series of Mutations. The following diagram shows the amino acids that result from mutations in the codon for a particular amino acid in a bacterial polypeptide:
(19-2)
Assume that each arrow denotes a single base-pair substitution in the bacterial DNA.
- (a) Referring to the genetic code table in Figure 18-10, determine the most likely codons for each of the amino acids and the stop signal in the diagram.
- (b) Starting with a population of mutant cells carrying the nonsense mutation, another mutant is isolated in which the premature stop signal is suppressed. Assuming wobble does not occur and assuming a single base change in the tRNA anticodon, what are all the possible amino acids that might be found in this mutant at the amino acid position in question?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
An extra piece. In one type of mutation leading to a form of
thalassemia, the mutation of a single base (G to A) generates a new 3'
3' splice site (blue in the illustration below) akin to the normal one
(yellow) but farther upstream.
Normal 3' end
of intron
5' CCTATTGGTCTATTITCCACCCITAGGCTGCTG 3'
5' CCTATTAGTCTAIIIICCACCCTTAGGCTGCTG 3'
What is the amino acid sequence of the extra segment of protein
synthesized in a thalassemic patient having a mutation leading to
aberrant splicing? The reading frame after the splice site begins with
TCT.
Translation. Write the anti-codon sequence of the MRNA transcript. Translate the
MRNA transcript into peptide sequence using both the 3 letter abbreviation and 1 letter
abbreviation.
ANTI-CODON
3'
5'
SEQUENCE
AMINO ACID
N-
C-
SEQUENCE (3 letter terminus
Abbreviation)
Terminus
AMINO ACID
N-
C-
SEQUENCE (1 letter terminus
Abbreviation)
Terminus
Be sure to answer all parts.
Write a possible mRNA sequence that codes for each peptide.
a. His-Cys-Tyr-Val-Ser
5¹-
b. Phe-Val-Thr-Tyr-Glu
5'-
5'-
c. Trp-Phe-Asn-Gln
-3'
U
-3'
с
Table 26.2 The Genetic Code-Triplets in Messenger RNA
First Base
(5' end)
-3'
U
UUU
UUC
UUA
UUG
CUU
CUC
CUA
CUG
AUL
Phe
Phe
Leu
Leu
Leu
Leu
Leu
Leu
la
C
UCU
UCC
UCA
UCG
CCU
CCC
CCA
CCG
Second Base
A
UAU
UAC
UAA
UAG
CAU
CAC
CAA
CAG
Ser
Ser
Ser
Ser
Pro
Pro
Pro
Pro
Tyr
55
Tyr
Stop
Stop
His
His
Gin
Gin
G
UGU
UGC
UGA
UGG
CGU
CGC
CGA
CGG
Cys
Cys
Stop
Trp
Arg
Arg
Arg
Arg
Third Base
(3¹ ond)
DUAC DU AG
с
А
А
Chapter 19 Solutions
Becker's World of the Cell (9th Edition)
Ch. 19 - Suppose a tRNA has the anticodon 3-CGU-5. What two...Ch. 19 - Kanamycin is an antibiotic that binds to bacterial...Ch. 19 - You are working in a lab to identify new alleles...Ch. 19 - Suppose you are using GFP fusion proteins to study...Ch. 19 - Enzymes can undergo allosteric regulation or...Ch. 19 - Suppose you use molecular biology techniques to...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.1PSCh. 19 - Tracking a Series of Mutations. The following...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.3PSCh. 19 - Prob. 19.4PS
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Complements. The sequence of part of an mRNA is 5'-AUGGGGAACAGCAAGAGUGGGGCCCUGUCCAAGGAG-3' 5'-AUGGGGAACAGCAAGAGUGGGGCCCUGUCCAAGGAG-3' What is the sequence of the DNA coding strand? Of the DNA template strand?arrow_forwardTrue or False. Explain. A) At no time during protein synthesis does an amino acid make direct contact with the mRNA being translated. B) Because the two strands of DNA are complementary, the mRNA of a gene can be synthesized using either strand as a template.arrow_forwardOriginal sequence: Consider the following coding 71 nucleotide DNA template sequence (It does not contain a translational start): 5’-GTTTCCCCTATGCTTCATCACGAGGGCACTGACATGTGTAAACGAAATTCCAACCTGAGCGGCGT GTTGAG-3’ Question: 4) In a mutant you discovered that the underlined nucleotide has been deleted. What would the resulting peptide sequence be? What type of mutation is this? 5’-GTTTCCCCTATGCTTCATCACGAGGGCACTGACATGTGTAAACGAAATTCCAACCTGAGCGGCGT GTTGAG-3arrow_forward
- tRNA enzyme. Any given aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase: a. Attaches the amino acid to the 5′-end '5end of the tRNA b. Always recognizes only one specific tRNA c. Recognizes all tRNA molecules d. Forms an ester linkage between the amino acid and the tRNAarrow_forwardAlpha polypeptide (ADH1A). Give a detailed description of its role in the disease. Describe the impact of the disease on society.Describe a way in which your gene can be manipulated to treat the disease. Assume you can make any changes to the protein product and describe specifically how it will affect its interaction with other molecules.arrow_forwardAnalyzing mRNA Sequences 1. Analyze the following amino acid sequence and write down a potential mRNA sequence from which this sequence might have been translated. Use the codon table in your book to determine a possible mRNA sequence. Amino Acid Sequence 1: H,N*-Methionine-Valine-Histidine-Leucine- Threonine-Proline-Glutamic Acid-Glutamic Acid- COO 2. (a) Consider Amino Acid Sequence 2. How is Amino Acid Sequence 2 different from Amino Acid Sequence 1? Amino Acid Sequence 2: H,N*-Methionine-Valine-Histidine-Leucine- Threonine-Proline-Valine-Glutamic Acid-CO (b) Write a potential mRNA sequence for Amino Acid sequence 2, using the same codons for any given amino acid if it is present in both sequences.arrow_forward
- Leaderless. The MRNA for the A repressor begins with 5'-AUG-3', 5'-AUG-3', which encodes the methionine residue that begins the protein. What is unusual about this beginning? Would it cause the MRNA to translate efficiently or not?arrow_forwardThe full amino acid sequence of FABP6 is MAFTGKFEMECEKNYDEFMKLLGISSDVIEKARNFKIVTEVQQDGQDF TWSQHYSGGHTMTNKFTVGKECNIQTMGGKTFKATVQMEGGKLVVN FPNYHQTSEIVGDKLVEVSTIGGVTYERVSKRLA For the next step in your analysis, you ran a BLAST search of the PDB of this sequence and found a structure that is 59% identical to the sequence of your protein. The following is the alignment of two sequences (with your protein in blue (FABP6) and the homologous structure in red (3ELX)): Expect score = : 4 × 10−4² and Identities = 69/116(50%), Positives = 88/116(75%) 3ELX: 5 AFNGKWETECQEGYEPFCKLIGIPDDVIAKGRDFKLVTEIVQNGDDFTWTQYYPNNHVMT 64 AF GK + E EC++ Y+ F KL GI DVI K R+FK+VTE+ Q+G DFTW+Q+Y FABP6: 2 AFTGKFEMECEKNYDEFMKLLGISSDVIEKARNFKIVTEVQQDGQDFTWSQHYSGGHTMT 61 3ELX: 65 NKF IVGKECDMETVGGKKFKG IVSMEGGKLT IS FPKYQQTTEISGGKLVETSTASG 120 NKF VGKEC+++T+GGK FK V MEGGKL ++FP Y QT+EI G KLVE ST G FABP6: 62 NKFTVGKECNIQTMGGKTFKATVQMEGGKLVVNFPNYHQTSEIVGDKLVEVSTIGG H MT 117 The identical amino acids are shown in black…arrow_forwardminute). Since there are 61 sense codons (excluding stop codons), most cells contain 61 different types of tRNAS (one type of tRNA for each sense codon). O True O Falsearrow_forward
- Polymerase inhibition. Cordycepin inhibits poly(A) synthesis at low concentrations and RNA synthesis at higher concentrations. NH2 H. он Cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) a. What is the basis of inhibition by cordycepin? b. Why is poly(A) synthesis more sensitive than the synthesis of other RNAS to the presence of cordycepin? c. Does cordycepin need to be modified to exert its effect?arrow_forwardPart I. Structure-Function Relationships in Genes 1. Consider the "two-line model" of a gene shown below - each line represents one strand of a DNA double helix, and the transcription start site is indicated as +1. Use the two-line models provided when answering the following questions. 3' 5' +1 Assume that you know RNA polymerase will move to the right during transcription. On the diagram above, do the following: • Label "upstream" and "downstream" on this gene • Label where you would find the promoter min I • Draw a box where you would expect to find the TATA box • Draw a third line below the model representing the RNA transcript (label the ends!) • Label one of the DNA strands as the template strand 3' 2. Now, let's try that again! This time assume that you know RNA polymerase will move to the left during transcription. Repeat the same tasks as before on the diagram below: 5' 5' 3' +1 I I 5' 3'arrow_forwardRNA is transcribed. Label the 5′ and 3′ ends of each strand. 17. The following sequence of nucleotides is found in a single-stranded DNA template: ATTGCCAGATCATCCCAATAGAT Assume that RNA polymerase proceeds along this template from left to right. a. Which end of the DNA template is 5′ and which end is 3′? b. Give the sequence and identify the 5′ and 3′ ends of the RNA transcribed from this template.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:9781305577206
Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher:Cengage Learning
DNA vs RNA (Updated); Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JQByjprj_mA;License: Standard youtube license