Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393615098
Author: John W. Foster, Joan L. Slonczewski
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter 18.4, Problem 1TQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The higher probability of horizontal transfer of genes for the proteorhodopsin light-powered proton pump than the bacteriochlorophyll-based photosystems PS I and PS II.
Introduction:
Proteobacteria have a cell envelope, an outer membrane along with a peptidoglycan cell wall that is permeated by the periplasm. Receptor proteins and porins are packed in the outer membrane that comprises two-thirds of the mass of the membrane. They are Gram-negative.
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If you examine OX/PHOS in the organism that has the c16 ATP Synthase complex from Q3, how many ATPs will be generated from one Succinate?# of ATPs:
The photosynthetic process used by the green sulfur bacteria, under anaerobic conditions, is best represented by which of the following balanced equations?
6CO2 + 12H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O
6CO2 + 12H2S C6H12O6 + 6S2 + 6H2O
C12H22O11 + H2O C6H12O6 + C6H12O6
C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 C12H22O11 + H2O
C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O 6CO2 + 12H2O
Which of the following proteins can BEST serve as a marker to detect the presence of the chloroplast from cellular materials?
succinate dehydrogenase
RUBISCO protein for carbon fixation
ATP synthase
RNA polymerase for transcription
Chapter 18 Solutions
Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
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- Explain the mechanism of how floating disks correspond to the rate of photosynthesis. What is the purpose of adding baking soda to the leaf disk assay? What would you expect during the leaf disk assay if baking soda was not added at all?arrow_forwardPhycobiliproteins are complex proteins in cyanobacteria that absorb light energy. There are three different kinds of phycobiliprotein molecules used to pass light to chlorophyll: phycoerythrin is responsible for capturing green light, phycocyanin is responsible for capturing orange-red light, and allophycocyanin is responsible for capturing red light. Since light can only penetrate to certain depths in oceans, phycobiliproteins capture the light available and pass it through various pathways of phycobiliproteins until the emitted light is red, which is absorbed by chlorophyll. Use the figure below to answer the following questions. 7.5m UV 15.0m 22.5m 30.0m 37.5m Blue Green Red © Tomemorris 2020 Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license. IR 25ft 50ft 75ft 100ft 125ft a. Explain the relationship between chlorophyll absorption and wavelength. b. Justify the claim that photosynthetic organisms that live more than 75 feet below the surface of the ocean need…arrow_forwardPhycobiliproteins are complex proteins in cyanobacteria that absorb light energy. There are three different kinds of phycobiliprotein molecules used to pass light to chlorophyll: phycoerythrin is responsible for capturing green light, phycocyanin is responsible for capturing orange-red light, and allophycocyanin is responsible for capturing red light.Since light can only penetrate to certain depths in oceans, phycobiliproteins capture the light available and pass it through various pathways of phycobiliproteins until the emitted light is red, which is absorbed by chlorophyll. Use the figure below to answer the following questions. (View image attached) 1. Justify the claim that photosynthetic organisms that live more than 75 feet below the surface of the ocean need phycoerythrin to survive. Provide reasoning that explains this claim.arrow_forward
- The photosynthetic process used by the green sulfur bacteria, under anaerobic conditions, is best represented by which of the following balanced equations? cell bio 6CO2 + 12H2S C6H12O6 + 6S2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 C12H22O11 + H2O 6CO2 + 12H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O C12H22O11 + H2O C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O 6CO2 + 12H2Oarrow_forwardPhycobiliproteins are complex proteins in cyanobacteria that absorb light energy. There are three kinds of phycobiliprotein molecules used to pass light to chlorophyll: phycoerythrin-responsible for capturing green light, phycocyanin-responsible for capturing orange-red light, and allophycocyanin-responsible for capturing red light. Since light can only penetrate to certain depths in oceans, phycobiliproteins capture the light available and pass it through various pathways of phycobiliproteins until the emitted light is red, which is absorbed by chlorophyll. Use the figure below to answer the following questions. 7.5m UV 15.0m 22.5m 30.0m. 37.5m Blue Green Red O Tomemorris 2020 Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license. IR 25ft 50ft 75ft 100ft 125ft a. Explain the relationship between chlorophyll absorption and wavelength. b. In addition to the pigments commonly associated with photosynthesis, a certain photosynthetic species contains two additional pigment…arrow_forwardThe photosynthetic process, used by the chloroplasts of green plants and green algae, is best represented by which of the following balanced equations? C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O g 6CO2 + 12H2O C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 g C12H22O11 + H2O 6CO2 + 12H2O g C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O C12H22O11 + H2O g C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 6CO2 + 12H2S g C6H12O6 + 6S2 + 6H2Oarrow_forward
- Besides adaptation to low light intensities, are there any other adaptations in the photosynthetic pigments found in bacteria that live in the vicinity of deep-ocean thermal vents?arrow_forwardIn 2010, a bew form of chlorophyll (chlorophyll f) was discovered in cyanobacteria assemblages of stromatolites growing in Shark Bay, Australia. Chlorophyll f has been isolated. and scientists are investigating the structure and function of this pigment. Based on your understanding of photosynthesis, how would you determine the wavelengths of light the pigment absorbs? How would you determine if this pigment plays a role in photosynthesis? (Hint: Think about the overall equation for photosynthesis.)arrow_forwardWhy would “knocking out” a gene for a chloroplast fatty acid desaturase (an enzyme involved in synthesizing fatty acids containing three double bonds) increase the rate of photosynthesis at 40°C, a temperature at which photosynthesis is normally impaired?arrow_forward
- What is the chemical species that is transferred through the light reactions? (Box A) What energy-rich compound is produced by the actions of the cytochrome complex? (Box B) What is the compound (Box C) used to donate electrons to the photosystems, and which gives rise to 2H+ and O2. What energy is used to energise the light reactions? (Box D) What is the product of the reaction that is occurring at NADP+ reductase? (Box E) Provide names for structures i and iiarrow_forwardBacterium Y is photosynthetic. You want to decrease the ability of Bacterium Y to produce glucose through photosynthesis. Explain how you could manipulate the light reactions of photosynthesis to decrease glucose production during the dark reactions in Bacterium Y. Include the name of the pathway that makes glucose during the dark reactions, which/how molecules from the light reactions are used in this pathway, and what specific steps of this pathway would be affected by your manipulations.arrow_forwardFor the following questions, choose one to discuss: chloroplast/photosynthesis State at the outset which one you will discuss. A) What role do proton gradients play in the process of photosynthesis proton gradients allow B) Where are proton gradients formed? Within what structures are they seen in chloroplasts How do the structures help them to maintain a gradient? C) Explain where and how the chloroplast or mitochondria uses passive transport and active transport to complete photosynthesis or cellular respiration.arrow_forward
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