Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605197
Author: Dee Unglaub Silverthorn
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 18, Problem 29RQ
Adolph Fick, the nineteenth-century physiologist who derived Fick’s law of diffusion, also developed the Fick equation that relates oxygen consumption, cardiac output, and blood oxygen content:
O2 consumption = cardiac output × (arterial oxygen content − venous oxygen content)
A person has a cardiac output of 4.5 L/min, an arterial oxygen content of 105 mL O2/L blood, and a vena cava oxygen content of 150 mL O2/L blood. What is this person’s oxygen consumption?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Make a list of the different physiological equations:
Mean Arterial Blood Pressure (MAP) =
Oxygen transport (TO2) equation (part of Fick equation) =
The a-v difference equation (part of Fick equation) =
What is the blood flow rate through a vessel given the following: ΔP = 120 mmHg; radius = 6 mm; length = 20 mm; and viscosity of the blood = 4.5? ? (conversion factors: 1 mmHg = 0.013 dynes/cm2 and a viscosity of 1.0 = 0.01 dyne sec/cm2)
Do you think erythropoietin levels in athletes at low altitude are lower, higher, or the same after
training at a high altitude for 2 months? Explain your answer.
Calculate the average ml of oxygen molecules in 100 ml blood in the athletes at low altitude and
then in athletes in high altitude while training at high altitude. Use the following information: 1.39 ml
of oxygen per gram of hemoglobin.
Do athletes training at high altitudes have more or less oxygen molecules per ml of blood then
athletes training at low altitudes? Explain why this difference gives athletes who train at high
altitudes an advantage over athletes who train only at low altitudes.
Chapter 18 Solutions
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
Ch. 18.1 - Cellular metabolism review: which of the following...Ch. 18.1 - Why doesnt the movement of oxygen from the alveoli...Ch. 18.1 - If nitrogen is 78% of atmospheric air, what is the...Ch. 18.1 - At the summit of Mt. Everest, an altitude of 8850...Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 5CCCh. 18.1 - If alveolar ventilation increases, what happens to...Ch. 18.1 - True or false? Plasma with a PO2 of 40 mm Hg and a...Ch. 18.1 - A saline solution is exposed to a mixture of...Ch. 18.2 - Can a person breathing 100% oxygen at sea level...Ch. 18.2 - What effect does hyperventilation have on the...
Ch. 18.2 - A muscle that is actively contracting may have a...Ch. 18.2 - How would an obstruction of the airways affect...Ch. 18 - List five factors that influence the diffusion of...Ch. 18 - Prob. 2RQCh. 18 - Prob. 3RQCh. 18 - Describe the structure of a hemoglobin molecule....Ch. 18 - Prob. 5RQCh. 18 - Describe the chemoreceptors that influence...Ch. 18 - Describe the protective reflexes of the...Ch. 18 - What causes the exchange of oxygen and carbon...Ch. 18 - List five possible physical changes that could...Ch. 18 - Concept map: Construct a map of gas transport...Ch. 18 - Prob. 11RQCh. 18 - Prob. 12RQCh. 18 - Prob. 13RQCh. 18 - Define hypoxia, COPD, and hypercapnia.Ch. 18 - Why did oxygen-transporting molecules evolve in...Ch. 18 - Draw and label the following graphs: a. the effect...Ch. 18 - Prob. 17RQCh. 18 - Prob. 18RQCh. 18 - Create reflex pathways (stimulus, receptor,...Ch. 18 - Prob. 20RQCh. 18 - Which person carries more oxygen in his blood? a....Ch. 18 - What would happen to each of the following...Ch. 18 - In early research on the control of rhythmic...Ch. 18 - Prob. 24RQCh. 18 - Prob. 25RQCh. 18 - Prob. 26RQCh. 18 - Prob. 27RQCh. 18 - Prob. 28RQCh. 18 - Adolph Fick, the nineteenth-century physiologist...Ch. 18 - Prob. 30RQ
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Blood pressure is usually given as the ratio of the maximum pressure (systolic pressure) to the minimum pressure (diastolic pressure). For example a typical value for this ratio for a human would be 120/70, where the pressures are in mm Hg (millimeters of mercury, SG = 13.6). What would these pressures be in kPa (kilo Pascals)?: (a) systolic pressure (kPa), (b) diastolic pressure (kPa).arrow_forwardWrite the equation that defines the contributions of the three determinants of resistance?arrow_forward51. The following variables were measured in a 30-year-old woman during exercise: Oxygen consumption 500 ml/min Hemoglobin concentration 10 g/100 mL Mean arterial to venous oxygen concentration difference 5 mL O/100 ml blood Which of the following is the mean cardiac output (in L/min) needed to sustain oxygen delivery to tissue? A) 5 B) 6 C) 10 D) 15 E) 20arrow_forward
- You are studying bulk flow in a tissue. You have measured the following: Blood pressure at the arterial end of the capillary – 30mmHg Osmotic pressure at the arterial end of the capillary – 20 mmHg partial pressure of oxygen at the arterial end of the capillary – 42 mmHg; partial pressure of CO2 – 40mmHg partial pressure of O2 at the venous end – 42 mmHg; partial pressure of CO2 – 46mmHg Blood pressure at the venous end of the capillary – 14mmHg Osmotic pressure at the venous end of the capillary – 20 mmHg Pick all that would apply A)the 10 mm Hg pressure difference will drive blood plasma into the interstitial fluid B)the 6 mm Hg pressure difference will drive blood plasma into the interstitial fluid C)the hydrostatic pressure declines from the arterial side to the venous side because oxygen is lost. D)the pH is lower on the arterial side than on the venous side. E)the osmotic pressure remains constant due to carbon dioxide compensation. F)oxygen is taken up by the…arrow_forwardFrank-Starling law of the heart states: if you increase the stretch of the cardiac muscle fibers you will decrease the force of contraction a greater end diastolic volume will produce a weaker contraction of the ventricle by increasing the force of ventricular contraction you will increase the end systolic volume if you increase the stretch of the cardiac muscle fibers you will increase the force of contraction.arrow_forwardThe below graph shows changes in several cardiovascular parameters as the result of increased intensity of exercise in a population of untrained individuals. What commonly measured cardiovascular parameters might the curves labeled A, B, and C represent? What are the corresponding units for the y-axis of each measure? For your reference, the two labeled curves represent the Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure (PCWP) and the Central Venous Pressure (CVP), both of which are measured in mmHg.arrow_forward
- Hemodynamics are the dynamics of blood flow. Can the Bernoulli's equation be used to study hemodynamics in the cardiovascular system? Why or why not? You should discuss all four of the assumptions of Bernoulli's equation when answering this question. Jugular vein (also subclavian vein from arms) Pulmonary artery Superior vena cava Interior vena cava Hepatic vein Liver Hepatic portal vein Renal vein Iliac vein CO₂ CO₂ Head and arms Lungs Heart Kidneys Trunk and legs Carotid artery (also subclavian artery to arms) Pulmonary vein Aorta Hepatic artery Mesenteric arteries Digestive tract Renal artery Iliac arteryarrow_forwardBy how much would a blood vessel need to expand using vasodilation to increase blood flow by 200% (3x)?arrow_forwardon The below graph shows changes in several cardiovascular parameters as the result of increased intensity of exercise in a population of untrained individuals. What commonly measured cardiovascular parameters might the curves labeled A, B, and C represent? What are the corresponding units for the y-axis of each measure? For your reference, the two labeled curves represent the Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure (PCWP) and the Central Venous Pressure (CVP), both of which are measured in mmHg. 200 Right sided cardiac pressures (mmHg) 175 150- A 125 100 75 50 30 20 10 - 0 20 40 60 80 Exercise intensity (% of maximum workload) A B - C PCWP CVP 100 160 150 140 130 120 110 100 30 20 10 B C 1 Hour, 29 Minutes, 18 Secondsarrow_forward
- Given: Capillaries are where the magic of gas diffusion happens. Capillaries are approximately 5-10 µm in diameter. Let’s pick an average value of 7.5 µm. A normal value of the diameter of an aortic artery is 15 mm. Blood has a density of 1.06 g/mL and flows with an average velocity of 0.33 mm/s. a. For each of the vessels, how rapidly would the blood have to flow in order to enter the regime of turbulent flow? (Answer a )arrow_forwardBlood Flow (BF)= (diff. in) Pressure (P) /Resistance (R) Assign these numbers to the equation above: If 6/3=2, when you increase 3, what happens to 6 in order to get 2 to stay the same?arrow_forwardWhat are the physiological advantages in sport due to using erythropoietin? What are the physiological consequences of using erythropoietin? Give an example of a Professional Athlete that used erythropoietin (Armstrong does not count).arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...
Biology
ISBN:9781285866932
Author:Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Complications during Labour and Delivery; Author: FirstCry Parenting;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QnCviG4GpYg;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY