Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Chapter 16, Problem 4RQ
If you measured the allele frequencies of a gene and found large differences from those predicted by the
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In a given population on a distant planet, there are 20 red, 25 orange, and 15 yellow creatures. Use Hardy-Weinberg equations and a chi square analysis to determine whether or not this population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Show all work. Be sure to state a null hypothesis and explain your conclusion.
An allele A is present in a population at a frequency of 0.29, and there is only one other allele at
the same locus. Fitness is associated with variation at the locus carrying the A allele such that
there is a selection coefficient s equal to 0.03. What would you expect the frequency of the A
allele to be after one generation of natural selection.
Compute your result up to four decimal places.
suppose that two different alleles exist in a population that is in Hardy-Weinberg equlibrium. if p= frequecy of the "A" allele and q=frequency of the "a" allele, what is the expected frequency of "AA" individuals in the population?
Possible answers: p,p+q, q, p^2, q^2, pq, 2pq, p^2+2pq
Chapter 16 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 16.1 - define evolution in terms of concepts from...Ch. 16.1 - define equilibrium population and describe the...Ch. 16.2 - If it were true that mutations do occur in...Ch. 16.2 - Explain how the distribution of genotypes in...Ch. 16.2 - A flu vaccination stimulates your immune system to...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 3TCCh. 16.2 - If a population grows large again after a...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 5TCCh. 16.2 - Evolution of a Menace The mutant alleles that...Ch. 16.2 - describe how mutation, gene flow, genetic drift,...
Ch. 16.3 - A team of phys clans treated four patients with...Ch. 16.3 - If we studied a population of bighorn sheep and...Ch. 16.3 - When selection is directional, is there any limit...Ch. 16.3 - describe why selection of phenotypes can affect...Ch. 16.3 - explain how competition and predation influence...Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 16.3 - compare and contrast directional selection,...Ch. 16.3 - Microbiologists have discovered that alleles...Ch. 16 - The alleles responsible for antibiotic resistance...Ch. 16 - Stabilizing selection on a trait tends to a. make...Ch. 16 - An adaptation is a. any trait that arises from a...Ch. 16 - Which of the following statements about mutations...Ch. 16 - Genetic drift occurs a. when different phenotypes...Ch. 16 - The ______ provides a simple mathematical model...Ch. 16 - Different versions of the same gene are called...Ch. 16 - An organisms ______ refers to the specific alleles...Ch. 16 - A random form of evolution is called ________....Ch. 16 - Competition is most Intense between members of...Ch. 16 - The evolutionary fitness of an organism is...Ch. 16 - What is a gene pool? How would you determine the...Ch. 16 - Define equilibrium population. Outline the...Ch. 16 - How does population size affect the likelihood of...Ch. 16 - If you measured the allele frequencies of a gene...Ch. 16 - People like to say that you cant prove a negative....Ch. 16 - Describe the three ways in which natural selection...Ch. 16 - What is sexual selection? How is sexual selection...Ch. 16 - In North America, the average height of adult...Ch. 16 - By the 1940s, the whooping crane population had...
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- In a dense forest, a population of squirrels has been observed for their fur color. The fur color is determined by a single gene with two alleles: B (black) and b (brown). In a sample of 100 squirrels, you observed 30 black (BB), 50 black-brown (Bb), and 20 brown (bb) individuals. Determine if this population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and show your work.arrow_forwardExplain the five conditions that need to be met for a population to be at genetic equilibrium according to Hardy and Weinberg (The Hardy-Weinberg principle). Additionally, explain what conditions would have to have been met if the population evolved. Be detailed in your answer(s).arrow_forwardA population of 100 moths has a gene that codes for wing color. Gray wings (G) are dominant to white wings (g). In this population, 20 percent of individuals are homozygous dominant for the trait, 20 percent are heterozygous, and 60 percent are homozygous recessive. Calculate allele frequencies for this population. State whether the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and justify your answer.arrow_forward
- if a population of jumping spiders consists of 40 females and 40 males, what is the effective population size? Give the appropriate equation and show your work. Will genetic drift be an important evolutionary force in this population? Why or why not? If your answer is "yes", what does genetic drift do to allele frequencies? If your answer is "no", name two forces other than genetic drift that might be important in determining allele frequencies. asaparrow_forwardWhich of the following populations is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a. A population with 23 homozygous recessive individuals (yy), 7 homozygous dominant individuals (YY), and 4 heterozygous individuals (Yy) b. A population that receives new individuals from a normally distant population. c. q + p = 1 d. A population in which the allele frequencies do not change over timearrow_forwardThe Hardy-Weinberg principle states that allele and genotype frequencies remain constant from one generation to the next, as long as specific conditions are met. Choose Yes or No for the conditions that must be met from the providied statement below. 1. Mutations are exponentially occuring 2. All member of the population breed 3. Everyone produces the same number of offspring 4. The population is infinitely large 5. There is no migration in or out of the population 6. No net mutations are occuring 7. Natural selection of beneficial traits is occuring 8. Natural selection is not occuring 9. All mating is completely random 10. Offspring are able to migrate out of the populationarrow_forward
- Consider a gene with two alleles, C and M. The table below describes fitness for different genotypes in two populations. Fitness CC CM MM Population 1 1.0 1.0 0.6 Population 2 0.9 0.9 1.0 Assume that both populations begin with frequencies of 0.5 for each allele, population size is infinite, and there is no migration between populations. Which of the following statements is true based on the information you have on these populations?arrow_forwardHow Can We Measure Allele Frequencies in Populations? Drawing on your newly acquired understanding of the HardyWeinberg equilibrium law, point out why the following statement is erroneous: Because most of the people in Sweden have blond hair and blue eyes, the genes for blond hair and blue eyes must be dominant in that population.arrow_forwardHow Can We Measure Allele Frequencies in Populations? Explain the connection between changes in population allele frequencies and evolution, and relate this to the observations made by Wallace and Darwin concerning natural selection.arrow_forward
- What is the intuitive meaning of the mean fitness of a population? How does its value change in response to natural selection?arrow_forwardList and explain the three conditions that must be met in order for a population to evolve by natural selection.arrow_forwardWhat does the Hardy-Weinberg model tell us about the factors that can change allele frequencies in populations and result in evolution? What are those factors, and what effect will they have on a biological population?arrow_forward
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