Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Chapter 16.2, Problem 4TC
If a population grows large again after a bottleneck, genetic diversity will eventually increase. Why?
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As we saw last week, population size is important. Ideally, this means you started with a lot of genetically diverse founders, but of course that isn’t always the case. In the case of the Española Galapagos tortoises it was 12 females and 2 males. So, often you have to grow your population to stabilize it and ensure there isn’t an unacceptable loss of genetic diversity over time, even if that genetic diversity is low. If you think back to the math from last week and do a little not so fancy algebra, you can see that genetic deterioration occurs at a rate that is the inverse of genetic retention, which you probably remember is
1- (1/2Ne)
Assume that the Española Galapagos tortoise captive population started with an Ne/N ratio of 0.7. Calculate their rate of loss of genetic diversity given their original population size of 14 tortoises (N=14). You will first need to solve for Ne, then plug Ne into the rate of loss of genetic diversity formula.
Now let’s work on growing the population.…
What is an organism population that has had exponential growth, and what circumstances led to that exponential population growth?
What is gene flow defined as?
Group of answer choices
A-production of new alleles
B-chance loss of alleles in a population
C-exchange of genes between populations
D-production of new genetic material
E-differential reproductive success of individuals
Chapter 16 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 16.1 - define evolution in terms of concepts from...Ch. 16.1 - define equilibrium population and describe the...Ch. 16.2 - If it were true that mutations do occur in...Ch. 16.2 - Explain how the distribution of genotypes in...Ch. 16.2 - A flu vaccination stimulates your immune system to...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 3TCCh. 16.2 - If a population grows large again after a...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 5TCCh. 16.2 - Evolution of a Menace The mutant alleles that...Ch. 16.2 - describe how mutation, gene flow, genetic drift,...
Ch. 16.3 - A team of phys clans treated four patients with...Ch. 16.3 - If we studied a population of bighorn sheep and...Ch. 16.3 - When selection is directional, is there any limit...Ch. 16.3 - describe why selection of phenotypes can affect...Ch. 16.3 - explain how competition and predation influence...Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 16.3 - compare and contrast directional selection,...Ch. 16.3 - Microbiologists have discovered that alleles...Ch. 16 - The alleles responsible for antibiotic resistance...Ch. 16 - Stabilizing selection on a trait tends to a. make...Ch. 16 - An adaptation is a. any trait that arises from a...Ch. 16 - Which of the following statements about mutations...Ch. 16 - Genetic drift occurs a. when different phenotypes...Ch. 16 - The ______ provides a simple mathematical model...Ch. 16 - Different versions of the same gene are called...Ch. 16 - An organisms ______ refers to the specific alleles...Ch. 16 - A random form of evolution is called ________....Ch. 16 - Competition is most Intense between members of...Ch. 16 - The evolutionary fitness of an organism is...Ch. 16 - What is a gene pool? How would you determine the...Ch. 16 - Define equilibrium population. Outline the...Ch. 16 - How does population size affect the likelihood of...Ch. 16 - If you measured the allele frequencies of a gene...Ch. 16 - People like to say that you cant prove a negative....Ch. 16 - Describe the three ways in which natural selection...Ch. 16 - What is sexual selection? How is sexual selection...Ch. 16 - In North America, the average height of adult...Ch. 16 - By the 1940s, the whooping crane population had...
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- Why does genetic diversity tend to persist in large populations, but gradually drift or shift in small populations?arrow_forwardWhat type of factors will limit the growth of a population?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is an effect of gene flow? Population size is greatly reduced Individuals establish a new population Natural disasters Genetic differences between populations are reducedarrow_forward
- What effect does such a bottleneck have on the future population? Give a brief description of its effect on the size, ability to reproduce, and genetic diversity.arrow_forwardIf a population loses an allele, will it be able to get that allele back???arrow_forwardIn many rural areas, stray cats are a problem as they may return to being wild feral cats that have not been spayed or neutered can reproduce, which may result in a population of feral cats. One pair of cats can produce 12 kittens in one year, and half of these kittens are female; this increased population would potentially produce 84 kittens in the second year. In 5-years, the population could reach almost 33000 feral cats. A) What conditions or factors would have to be in place for the population to achieve its biotic potential?arrow_forward
- Mutations are the ultimate source of genetic variation. Consider a population of 500 diploid individuals. If a mutation resulting in a single copy of a novel allele occurred in a gene in one individual, what is the frequency of the new allele in the population? 0.05 0.000001 0.001 0.005 0.002arrow_forwardSuppose a very small group of birds serves as the foundation of a new population. As a result, the population is very genetically homogeneous. What phenomenon has affected this population? O a) Mutation O b) Gene flow Oc) Non-random mating O d) Genetic driftarrow_forwardIn the experiment of genetic drift, suppose you have a population of 150 butterflies, but a wildfire devastates the population and only 24 butterflies survive. What percent does the colony decrease by?arrow_forward
- In a population of mayflies, variation in the STRIPE gene causes different body coloration. SS individuals have skinny stripes, Ss individuals have wide stripes, and ss individuals are unassigned. You collect some mayflies and estimate that the frequency of the S allele is 0.85. You want to know whether the population is evolving, so you will return to the same site next summer and collect 1000 mayflies from the next generation. If the population is not evolving, how many of the 1000 mayflies collected next summer should have wide stripes. (round to the nearest whole number) A. 255 b.850 C. 723 D. 23arrow_forwardUnder what conditions will a population grow?arrow_forwardWhy is the minimum viable population size smaller for a geneticallydiverse population than for a less genetically diverse population?arrow_forward
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