Chapter 16, Problem 40A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The substancespresent in the solution have to be described. If any HNO₃ molecules present in the solution have to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

All strong acids are strong electrolytes. They completely dissociate to give corresponding ions in the solution and the concentration of the acid is the concentration of H+ ions.

  $6.022\times {10}^{23}$ molecules are present in 1 mole of a substance. $6.022\times {10}^{23}$ is known as Avogadro's number.

Answer to Problem 40A

• ${\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{+}$ ion and ${\text{NO}}_3{}^{-}$ ion are present in the solution.
• No HNO₃ molecules are present in the solution.

Explanation of Solution

HNO₃ is a strong acid. It completely dissociates to give ${\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{+}$ ion and

  ${\text{NO}}_3{}^{-}$ ion in the solution and the concentration of the acid is the concentration of ${\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{+}$ ions.No,HNO₃ molecules will remain in the solution. HNO₃ molecules dissociate in an aqueous solution to give hydronium ion and nitrate ion.

  ${\mathrm{HNO}}_3+{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\to {\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{O}}^{+}+\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{O}}_3{}^{-}$