Concept explainers
Interpretation: “The condensed structural formula and IUPAC name of four structural isomers
Of
Explained
Concept introduction:
► Isomers: Compounds which have the same molecular formula but different physical or chemical properties are known as isomers and the phenomenon is known as isomerism.
► Structural isomerism: When the isomerism is due to the difference in arrangement of atoms within the molecule without any reference to space, the phenomenon is termed as structural isomerism.
► Condensed structural formula: The complete structural formula can be abbreviated by omitting some or all of the covalent bonds and by indicating the number of identical groups attached to an atom by a subscript. This is known as condensed structural formula.
► IUPAC: The term IUPAC is International union of pure and applied chemistry. It provides the set of rules for assigning names to organic compounds.
► Rules for determining the IUPAC names
• The longest continuous chain of carbon atom is taken as the parent chain on which the various alkyl groups are considered side chain.
• Numbering is done from that side where
• If more than one functional group is present then preference is given to that functional group which is senior in the seniority table group
• If a side chain occurs more than once, the numerical prefixes di(for two), tri(for three) etc are added before the names of the group.
• When there are two identical side chains at one position, numbers are given for each.
To draw and explain: The condensed structural formula, IUPAC name of the isomers of carboxylic acid having molecular formula
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