Chapter 16, Problem 16.18P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of proton(s) each signal represents is to be determined if the molecule giving the spectrum in problem $16.17$ has total of six protons and total of twelve protons.

Concept introduction:

The integration is the measurement of area under the absorption peak in NMR spectrum. This is proportional to the number of protons contributed to generate the respective signal. The integration can be displayed as an integral trace superimposed on the spectrum. The integral trace for a single peak resembles a stair step, and the height of that stair step is proportional to the total area under the peak. The greater the height of integral stair trace, greater the number of protons that contributes to that signal. The area under an absorption peak is proportional to the number of protons that generate that peak. A proton signal is represented by an orange peak. The blue stair-step line is the integral trace, which represents the cumulative area under the peak (represented by the shading) going from left to right.