Anatomy & Physiology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168130
Author: Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Textbook Question
Chapter 15, Problem 14RQ
What neurotransmitter will result in constriction of the pupil?
- norepinephrine
- acetylcholine
- epinephrine
- serotonin
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Which of the following neurotransmitters would activate an adrenergic receptor?
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Which of the following statements best describes the axonal projection patterns of upper motoneurons located in the primary motor cortex?
Upper motoneurons located in the primary motor cortex are cholinergic and their axons project directly to muscle fibres to control voluntary muscle movements.
Upper motoneurons located in the primary motor cortex are glutamatergic and their axons project to the thalamus, brain stem and directly to muscle fibres to control voluntary muscle movements.
Upper motoneurons located in the primary motor cortex project to the spinal cord where they synapse with cholinergic lower motoneurons that control voluntary muscle movements.
Upper motoneurons located in the primary motor cortex project to neurons in the cerebellum, thalamus and brain stem that in turn contact lower motoneurons in the spinal cord to control voluntary muscle movements.
Chapter 15 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 15 - Watch this video...Ch. 15 - Watch this video...Ch. 15 - Read this article...Ch. 15 - Watch this video...Ch. 15 - Watch this video...Ch. 15 - Watch this video...Ch. 15 - Which of these physiological changes would not be...Ch. 15 - Which type of fiber could be considered the...Ch. 15 - Which signaling molecule is most likely...Ch. 15 - Which of these cranial nerves contains...
Ch. 15 - Which of the following is not a target of a...Ch. 15 - Which of the following represents a sensory input...Ch. 15 - What is the term for a reflex that does not...Ch. 15 - What neurotransmitter will result in constriction...Ch. 15 - What gland produces a secretion that causes...Ch. 15 - Which of the following is an incorrect pairing?...Ch. 15 - Which of these locations in the forebrain is the...Ch. 15 - Which nerve projects to the hypothalamus to...Ch. 15 - What region of the limbic lobe is responsible for...Ch. 15 - What is another name for the preganglionic...Ch. 15 - What central fiber tract connects forebrain and...Ch. 15 - A drag that affects both divisions of the...Ch. 15 - A drug is called an agonist if it ________. blocks...Ch. 15 - Which type of drug would be an antidote to...Ch. 15 - Which kind of ding would have anti-anxiety...Ch. 15 - Which type of drug could be used to treat asthma...Ch. 15 - In the context of a lioness hunting on the...Ch. 15 - A target effector, such as the heart, receives...Ch. 15 - Damage to internal organs will present as pain...Ch. 15 - Medical practice is paying more attention to the...Ch. 15 - Horners syndrome is a condition that presents with...Ch. 15 - The cardiovascular center is responsible for...Ch. 15 - Why does smoking increase the risk of heart...Ch. 15 - Why might topical, cosmetic application of...
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- Spastic paralysis (resulting from the failure of muscles to relax), induced by the neurotoxin strychnine, occurs when this poison blocks the binding of: the excitatory neurotransmitter acetylcholine to post-synaptic sodium channels the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate to post-synaptic calcium channels the excitatory neurotransmitter serotonin to post-synaptic potassium channels the inhibitory neurotransmitter glycine to post-synaptic chloride channels the inhibitory neurotransmitter melatonin to post-synaptic bicarbonate channelsarrow_forwardFollowing administration of an opiate drug, "pain signals" are prevented from getting out of the spinal cord via two mechanisms. One inhibits spinal cord neurons that communicate with the parafascicular nucleus of the thalamus. What is the other way that pain signals are stopped? dendro-dendritic synapses that enhance IPSI's in somatosensory neurons. the disinhibition of long axons that start in the spinal cord and influence free nerve endings directly. O a feedback loop to the periaquedictal grey of the midbrain, which enhances neural activity in that area. axo-axonic synapses that prevents somatosensory neurons from releasing neurotransmitter.arrow_forwardMatch the following statements to the correct neurotransmitter of the autonomic nervous system. Select "Both" if the statement is true of both neurotransmitters. Secreted by cholinergic fibers. Receptors for this neurotransmitter may cause either excitatory or inhibitory responses. Bind(s) to adrenergic receptors. Receptors for this neurotransmitter are found on all autonomic postganglionic neurons. This neurotransmitter can increase heart rate. ANSWER OPTIONS: Acetylcholine or Norepinephrine? Both?arrow_forward
- This is a Peripheral Nerve, cross-section please use ARROWS to label the following axon fascicle endoneurium perineurium epineurium Schwann cell (myelin sheath) Nucleus of Schwann cellarrow_forwardTemporal summation refers to: summation of action potentials in the temporal cortex. summation of postsynaptic potentials on a neuron occurring closely together in time. summation of postsynaptic potentials at different places on a neuron at the same time. summation of postsynaptic potentials in the temporal cortex.arrow_forwardIn the basal ganglia, which of the following occurs? disinhibition results in the inhibition of glutamate onto the thalamus the release of GABA onto the internal segment of the globus pallidus is excitatory In the indirect pathway, disinhibition blocks glutamate release from the subthalamic nucleus In the direct pathway, disinhibition blocks GABA release onto the thalamusarrow_forward
- the receptors for the Parasympathetic system is the cholinergic receptor true Falsearrow_forwardIn the Basal Ganglia, which neurotransmitter is released onto the external segment of the globus pallidus of the indirect pathway? Glutamate GABA ACH Dopamine In the Basal Ganglia, which neurotransmitter is released onto the internal segment of the globus pallidus of the indirect pathway? Glutamate GABA ACH Dopaminearrow_forwardIdentify the inhibitory neurotransmitter which opens chloride ion channels. gamma amino butyric acid acetylcholine tubocurarine strychnine glutamate Spastic paralysis (resulting from the failure of muscles to relax), induced by the neurotoxin strychnine, occurs when this poison blocks the binding of: the excitatory neurotransmitter acetylcholine to post-synaptic sodium channels the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate to post-synaptic calcium channels the excitatory neurotransmitter serotonin to post-synaptic potassium channels the inhibitory neurotransmitter glycine to post-synaptic chloride channels the inhibitory neurotransmitter melatonin to post-synaptic bicarbonate channelsarrow_forward
- Short-term memory, like remembering a phone number, is stored as a Long Term Potentiation (LTP) of the synapse. Describe what has changed at the synapse when it has undergone LTP.arrow_forwardWhen Botox (botulinum toxin) is injected, it paralyzes muscles locally. Based on this information only, what neurotransmitter system does Botox alter? cholinergic serotonergic Dopaminergic GABAergicarrow_forwardAn individual diagnosed with CMT has difficulty holding a cup because: a. The myelin in the motor neurons is damaged thereby preventing an impulse frommoving along the axonb. The myelin in the sensory neurons is damaged thereby preventing an impulse frommoving along the axonc. The dendrites in the motor neurons are damaged thereby preventing an impulse frommoving along the axond. The dendrites in the sensory neurons are damaged thereby preventing an impulse frommoving along the axonarrow_forward
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