(a) Interpretation: The concentrations of the hormones, yielding 50% of maximal binding is to be determined. Concept introduction: The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 21P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The concentrations of the hormones, yielding 50% of maximal binding is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Hormone that shows the highest affinity for receptor is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Relation between the binding affinity of the hormone-receptor complex and the ability of the hormone to enhance adenylate cyclase activity should be determined.

The mechanism of action of hormone-receptor complex is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Experiments should be determined to check whether a G_as protein is a component of signal-transduction pathways.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

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Assighment. Create a diagram which illustrates the typical signalling mechanism of action of each of the four common classes of receptor (e.g. kinase-linked receptors etc.) and possible routes of communication (autocrine etc.). Your diagram should show the specific molecules involved, the mechanisms of signal transduction and indicate the different pathways that are activated. It should include a specific example of a receptor, ligand and signalling pathway for each general class. Include as wide a variety of ligands and modes of action as you can. For each of the examples describe the mechanism of action in the form below. DO NOT use any of the ligand-receptor combinations provide to you in the Learning Materials to date - research and create a diagram for a novel pathway instead!

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 21P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The concentrations of the hormones, yielding 50% of maximal binding is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Hormone that shows the highest affinity for receptor is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Relation between the binding affinity of the hormone-receptor complex and the ability of the hormone to enhance adenylate cyclase activity should be determined.

The mechanism of action of hormone-receptor complex is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Experiments should be determined to check whether a G_as protein is a component of signal-transduction pathways.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 21P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The concentrations of the hormones, yielding 50% of maximal binding is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Hormone that shows the highest affinity for receptor is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Relation between the binding affinity of the hormone-receptor complex and the ability of the hormone to enhance adenylate cyclase activity should be determined.

The mechanism of action of hormone-receptor complex is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Experiments should be determined to check whether a G_as protein is a component of signal-transduction pathways.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 21P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The concentrations of the hormones, yielding 50% of maximal binding is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Hormone that shows the highest affinity for receptor is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Relation between the binding affinity of the hormone-receptor complex and the ability of the hormone to enhance adenylate cyclase activity should be determined.

The mechanism of action of hormone-receptor complex is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Experiments should be determined to check whether a G_as protein is a component of signal-transduction pathways.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

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Answer 5

Chapter 14, Problem 21P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The concentrations of the hormones, yielding 50% of maximal binding is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Hormone that shows the highest affinity for receptor is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Relation between the binding affinity of the hormone-receptor complex and the ability of the hormone to enhance adenylate cyclase activity should be determined.

The mechanism of action of hormone-receptor complex is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Experiments should be determined to check whether a G_as protein is a component of signal-transduction pathways.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

Answer 6

Chapter 14, Problem 21P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The concentrations of the hormones, yielding 50% of maximal binding is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

Answer 7

Chapter 14, Problem 21P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The concentrations of the hormones, yielding 50% of maximal binding is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Hormone that shows the highest affinity for receptor is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Hormone that shows the highest affinity for receptor is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Relation between the binding affinity of the hormone-receptor complex and the ability of the hormone to enhance adenylate cyclase activity should be determined.

The mechanism of action of hormone-receptor complex is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Relation between the binding affinity of the hormone-receptor complex and the ability of the hormone to enhance adenylate cyclase activity should be determined.

The mechanism of action of hormone-receptor complex is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Experiments should be determined to check whether a G_as protein is a component of signal-transduction pathways.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Experiments should be determined to check whether a G_as protein is a component of signal-transduction pathways.

Concept introduction:

The first step of hormone’s signaling pathway is binding to a receptor present inside the cell or on the surface of the cell. Stability of the hormone-receptor complex is reflected by the affinity. Higher the affinity, stronger is the relation between the hormone and receptor.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 14 - Prob. 1P Ch. 14 - Prob. 2P Ch. 14 - Prob. 3P Ch. 14 - Prob. 4P Ch. 14 - Prob. 5P Ch. 14 - Prob. 6P Ch. 14 - Prob. 7P Ch. 14 - Prob. 8P Ch. 14 - Prob. 9P Ch. 14 - Prob. 10P

Solution Summary: The author explains that the concentrations of the hormones yielding 50% of maximal binding are to be determined.

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Chapter 14 Solutions