Concept explainers
Write equations to show how the following conversions can be achieved. More
than one reaction is required, and reactions from earlier chapters may be necessary.
a.
b.
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Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry
- Please answer question 14 and 15.arrow_forwardP. CH3-CH2-CH3 Q. CH3-CH2-CH=CH-CH3 R. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 S. CH3-CH=CH-CH2-CH3 Which compounds belong to the same homologous series? P and Q Q and R R and S P and R Which structures show unsaturated hydrocarbons? P and Q P and R Q and S R and Sarrow_forwardAlcohols are very useful starting materials for the production of many different compounds. The following conversions, starting with 1-butanol, can be carried out in two or more steps. Show the steps (reactants/catalysts) you would follow to carry out the conversions, drawing the formula for the organic product in each step. For each step, a major product must be produced. (See Exercise 62.) (Hint: In the presence of H+, an alcohol is converted into an alkene and water. This is the exact reverse of the reaction of adding water to an alkene to form an alcohol.) a. 1-butanol butane b. 1-butanol 2-butanonearrow_forward
- What functional group distinguishes each of the following hydrocarbon derivatives? a. halohydrocarbons b. alcohols c. ethers d. aldehydes e. ketones f. carboxylic acids g. esters h. amines Give examples of each functional group. What prefix or suffix is used to name each functional group? What are the bond angles in each? Describe the bonding in each functional group. What is the difference between a primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohol? For the functional groups in ah, when is a number required to indicate the position of the functional group? Carboxylic acids are often written as RCOOH. What does COOH indicate and what does R indicate? Aldehydes are sometimes written as RCHO. What does CHO indicate?arrow_forwardOxidation reactions can be used in multistep syntheses to produce new functionalities for use in subsequent reactions. Consider the following multistep reaction when you draw the structures in Parts 1 and 2 below. OH PCC CH₂Cl₂ Step 1 Product 1 1. NaH 2. Step 2 Br Product 2arrow_forwardThe chemical reaction of 2-butene and HCl yields what product? O CH3CH₂CH₂CH3 O CI CH 3 CH 2 C HCH 3 CI CI I 1 CH3-CH-CH-CH3 CH3 I CH3 CHCH3 Cl I CH 3 C CH 2 CH 3 CH3 O Oarrow_forward
- Draw the condensed structural formula or skeletal formula, if yclic, for the alkene that is the major product from each of the following dehydration reactions: H+ а. CHз— CH—— СH — СH —ОН - Heat ОН ОН b. H+ с. H+ Heat Heat ОН d. CH3— CH — CH,— СH— СH, Нeat Draw the condensed structural formula for the ether produced y each of the following reactions: H+ а. 2СH3 — ОН Heat H+ b. 2CH3 — СH>— CH-— ОН Heatarrow_forward6. Complete the following halogenation reactions for alcohols. Draw the structure of the product. Name the reactant and the product. a) Ct5-CH-OH b) CH-CH-CH c) PE 7. Name the following phenols.arrow_forwardConsider the following reactions: When C5H12 is reacted with Cl2(g) in the presence of ultraviolet light, four different monochlorination products form. What is the structure of C5H12 in this reaction? When C4H8 is reacted with H2O, a tertiary alcohol is produced as the major product. What is the structure of C4H8 in this reaction? When C7H12 is reacted with HCl, 1-chloro-1-methylcyclohexane is produced as the major product. What are the two possible structures for C7H12 in this reaction? When a hydrocarbon is reacted with water and the major product of this reaction is then oxidized, acetone (2-propanone) is produced. What is the structure of the hydrocarbon in this reaction? When C5H12O is oxidized, a carboxylic acid is produced. What are the possible structures for C5H12O in this reaction?arrow_forward
- Name each compoundarrow_forwardIndicate how you can get n - butane from the four moleculesarrow_forward1. Most margarines have been hydrogenated to maintain a soft, homogeneous mixture. While the product is easy to spread, this has made the product an unhealthy choice. A hydrogenation reaction is used to convert an alkene to an alkane. a carboxylic acid to an aldehyde. an alkene to a ketone an aromatic hydrocarbon to a linear hydrocarbonarrow_forward
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