Concept explainers
a)
To find the type of the study.
a)
Answer to Problem 8E
This is an observational study.
Explanation of Solution
First need to understand about the experimental study and observational study:
Experimental study: Assigning people or things to groups and applying some treatment to one group, while the other group does not receive the treatment.
Observation study: In an observational study, measure or survey members of a sample without trying to affect them.
This is an observational study because the treatment is not imposed on the subjects and results are based on observations.
b)
To find whether the study is retrospective or prospective.
b)
Answer to Problem 8E
Prospective study.
Explanation of Solution
There are two types of Observational study:
Retrospective: The data are collected from the past by going back in time.
Prospective: The data are collected in the future.
The disabled women having identified first then traits were observed. Therefore, it is prospective study.
c)
To explain the subjects with their selection.
c)
Answer to Problem 8E
The subjects were disabled women 65 and older age.
Explanation of Solution
I this study, the subjects were disabled women 65 and older age. These women are with or without a vitamin B-12 deficiency. The selection process was not specified so not sure about the selection.
d)
To find the parameter of interest.
d)
Answer to Problem 8E
The percentage of women in each group who suffered severe depression.
Explanation of Solution
In this study, the parameter of interest is the percentage of women in each group who suffered severe depression. This is the objective of the survey.
e)
To explain the nature and scope of the conclusion.
e)
Explanation of Solution
The selection or assignment is not random. Therefore, the cause-and-effect relationship between depression and B-12 deficiency cannot be established. Hence, the scope of the study is limited.
Chapter 13 Solutions
Stats: Modeling the World Nasta Edition Grades 9-12
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