Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 13, Problem 6TYU
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The following diagram of a generalized tetranucleotide will serve as a basis for the three questions marked “a” through “c.” (02)
(a) Is this a DNA or an RNA molecule? State which _________
(b) Place an “X” (in one of the circles provided) at the 3' end of this tetranucleotide.
(c) Given that the DNA strand, which served as a template for the synthesis of this tetranucleotide, was composed of the bases 5'- A C A G - 3', fill in the parentheses (in the diagram) with the expected bases
(a) Write the DNA double strand.
(b) Assuming the gel pattern represents the template strand, transcribe and
translate the DNA.
(c) Write the anticodon sequence.
A
G
2nd (middle) Base of a Codon
1*
3rd
U
A
G
Base
Base
UUU - Phe
U
UUC - Phe
UCU - Ser
UCC - Ser
UAU - Tyr
UAC - Tyr
UGU - Cys
UGC - Cys
UUA - Leu
UCA- Ser
UAA - STOP
UGA - STOP
UUG -Leu
CUU - Leu
CUC - Leu
UCG-Ser
CCU - Pro
CCC- Pro
UAG- STOP
CAU - His
САC - His
UGG- Trp
CGU - Arg
CGC - Arg
CGA - Arg
CGG- Arg
CỦA - Leu
ССА-Pro
CAA - Gin
CAG- Gin
AAU - Asn
CUG - Leu
CCG-Pro
AUU - Ile
ACU - Thr
АCC - Th
ACA - Thr
AGU – Ser
A
AGC - Ser
AGA - Arg
AGG - Arg
GGU - Gly
GGC - Gly
GGA - Gly
GGG - Gly
AUC - lle
AAC - Asn
AAA - Lys
AAG - Lys
GAU - Asp
GAC - Asp
GAA - Glu
AUA- lle
AUG - Met
ACG - Thr
G
GUU - Val
GCU - Ala
GCC - Ala
GUC - Val
GUA- Val
GCA - Ala
GUG - Val
GCG - Ala
GAG - Glu
PUAGPCAGUCACUCAG
|
The sequence below shows one strand of DNA. Parts of the sequence are in capital letters to help you identify important features - capitalization does not affect the nucleotide indicated.
5' ...atacaATGcATGTCAaCTAcg[a]agatccgTAGaTAACATtCATatc...3'
a) Underneath that strand, write the sequence of the strand of DNA it would be paired with in a double-stranded helix. Use the single letter code A-adenosine, G-guanosine, T-thymine, C-cytosine, and U-uracil, and remember to label the 5' and 3' ends
b) Next, write the sequence of a possible mRNA transcript of the double-stranded DNA above. Remember that an mRNA must be translatable by a ribosome into a protein. Be sure to indicate 5' and 3' ends
c) Using the genetic code at the end, translate your mRNA into the appropriate protein. Write the amino acid sequence of the protein using the single letter amino acid code (also at the end) below the mRNA sequence in (b) and label the amino and carboxy terminals
d) Suppose the bracketed bold [a] were…
Chapter 13 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 13.1 - Summarize the early evidence indicating that some...Ch. 13.1 - Describe how Beadle and Tatums experiments...Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 13.1 - How did the work of each of the following...Ch. 13.2 - Outline the flow of genetic information in cells,...Ch. 13.2 - Compare the structures of DNA and RNA.Ch. 13.2 - Explain why the genetic code is said to be...Ch. 13.2 - VISUALIZE Sketch a simple flow diagram that shows...Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 2CCh. 13.3 - Compare the processes of transcription and DNA...
Ch. 13.3 - Compare bacterial and eukaryotic mRNAs, and...Ch. 13.3 - In what ways are DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase...Ch. 13.3 - A certain template DNA strand has the following...Ch. 13.3 - What features do mature eukaryotic mRNA molecules...Ch. 13.4 - Identify the features of tRNA that are important...Ch. 13.4 - Explain how ribosomes function in polypeptide...Ch. 13.4 - Prob. 10LOCh. 13.4 - Prob. 11LOCh. 13.4 - What are ribosomes made of? Do ribosomes carry...Ch. 13.4 - What happens in each stage of polypeptide...Ch. 13.4 - A certain mRNA strand has the following nucleotide...Ch. 13.5 - Give examples of the different classes of...Ch. 13.5 - What are the main types of mutations?Ch. 13.5 - Prob. 2CCh. 13.6 - Briefly discuss RNA interference.Ch. 13.6 - Prob. 14LOCh. 13.6 - Prob. 15LOCh. 13.6 - Prob. 1CCh. 13.6 - Prob. 2CCh. 13.6 - Prob. 3CCh. 13 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 13 - What is the correct order of information flow in...Ch. 13 - During transcription, how many RNA nucleotide...Ch. 13 - The genetic code is defined as a series of...Ch. 13 - RNA differs from DNA in that the base...Ch. 13 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 13 - Which of the following is/are not found in a...Ch. 13 - Which of the following is/are typically removed...Ch. 13 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 13 - Suppose you mix the following components of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 13 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 13 - Compare and contrast the formation of mRNA in...Ch. 13 - Explain to a friend the experimental strategy that...Ch. 13 - Biologists hypothesize that transposons eventually...Ch. 13 - Prob. 16TYUCh. 13 - Prob. 17TYUCh. 13 - Prob. 18TYU
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which of the following statements most accurately describes the action of the enzyme RNA polymerase?Select one 1.) RNA polymerase will transcribe only the exons by skipping over the introns within a eukaryotic gene sequence 2.) RNA polymerase will transcribe both DNA strands, moving in the 3' to 5' direction for one strand and 5' to 3' on the other 3.) RNA polymerase will transcribe both DNA strands, but only one RNA molecule will be used during translation 4.)None of the statements accurately describe the function of RNA polymerasearrow_forwardA single (+) strand of DNA (base composition: A, 21%; G, 29%; C, 29%; T, 21%) isreplicated by DNA polymerase to yield a complementary (−) strand. The resultingduplex DNA is then used a template by RNA polymerase, which transcribes the (−)strand. Indicate the base composition of the RNA formed.arrow_forwardA single (+) strand of DNA (base composition: A, 21%; G, 29%; C, 29%; T, 21%) is replicated by DNA polymerase to yield a complementary (-) strand. The resulting duplex DNA is then used a template by RNA polymerase, which transcribes the (-) strand. Indicate the base composition of the RNA formed.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is true about DNA polymerase?a) It can synthesize DNA in the 5’ to 3’ directionb) It can synthesize DNA in the 3’ to 5’ directionc) It can synthesize mRNA in the 3’ to 5’ directiond) It can synthesize mRNA in the 5’ to 3’ directionarrow_forwardThe following diagram represents a DNA molecule that is undergoing replication. Draw in the strands of newly synthesized DNA and identify (a) the polarity of the newly synthesized strands, (b) the leading and lagging strands, (c) Okazaki fragments, and (d) RNA primers.arrow_forwardDifferentiate between the followings:(a) Repetitive DNA and Satellite DNA(b) mRNA and tRNAarrow_forward
- The sequence below shows one strand of DNA. Parts of the sequence are in capital letters to help you identify important features – capitalization does not affect the nucleotide indicated. 5’…atacaATGcATGTCAaCTAcg[a]agatccgTAGaTAACATtCATatc…3’ a. Underneath that strand write the sequence of the strand of DNA it would be paired with in a doublestranded helix. Use the single letter code A-adenosine, G-guanosine, T-thymine, U-uracil and C-cytosine and remember to label the 5’ and 3’ ends. b. Next, write the sequence of a possible mRNA transcript of the double stranded DNA above. Remember that an mRNA must be translatable by a ribosome into a protein. Be sure to indicate 5’ and 3’ ends. c. Using the genetic code, translate your mRNA into the appropriate protein. Write the amino acid sequence of the protein below the mRNA sequence in (b) and label the amino and carboxy terminals d. Suppose the bracketed, bold [a] were mutated to be a t. Write the new sequence of your mRNA transcript…arrow_forwardRNA polymerase produces an RNA polymer in the _________ direction and reads the template DNA strand in _________ direction which 5' to 3', 5' to 3' 3' to 5', 3' to 5' 5' to 3', 3' to 5' 3' to 5', 5' to 3'arrow_forwardA DNA fragment was sequenced; however, the scatter-brained professor lost track of the direction of the sequence. The resulting sequence is given, but without the 3’ or 5’ ends identified. NOTE the sequence listed is double stranded. (a) Find all START codons (in both directions and for both strands) and report the sequence of the two start codon(s) plus the next 3 bases downstream (i.e. 5’ to 3’ direction). (b) One of the start codons has a STOP codon 6 codons downstream, list the 21 bases that contain the target sequence and 7 amino acids that this (very short) open reading frame would translate to. (c) Identify the 3’ or 5’ ends for lables1- 4.arrow_forward
- DNA replication always proceeds in only one direction because the ________ of the incoming nucleotide is attached to the free ________ of the growing DNA strand. A) 5'-phosphate / 3'-hydroxyl B) 3'-phosphate / 5'-hydroxyl C) 5'-deoxyribose / 3'-base D) 3'-base / 5'-deoxyribosearrow_forwardA DNA synthesizer “machine” is used to create short single stranded DNA of any given sequence. You have used the machine to create the following the DNA molecules: (DNA #1) 5’- CTACTACGGATCGGG – 3’ (DNA #2) 5’- CCAGTCCCGATCCGT – 3’ (DNA #3) 5’-AGTAGCCAGTGGGGAAAAACCCCACTGG-3’ Now you add the DNA molecules either singly or in combination to reaction tubes containing DNA polymerase, dATP, dCTP, dGTP, and dTTP in a buffered solution that allows DNA polymerase to function. For each of the reaction tubes, indicate whether DNA polymerase will synthesize any new DNA molecules, and if so, write the sequence(s) of any such DNAs. DNA #1 plus DNA #3 DNA #2 plus DNA #3 DNA #1 plus DNA #2 DNA #3 onlyarrow_forwardThe figure below shows a polynucleotide:a) Label the 5' and the 3' end of the sequenceb) If a nucleotide were added to this polynucleotide, which end would it be added to?c) Is this an RNA or DNA strand? How do you know?arrow_forward
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