Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 12, Problem 15TYK
Vinblastine is a chemotherapeutic drug used to treat certain cancers. It acts by interfering with microtubule assembly. The effectiveness of vinblastine must be related to
- a. prevention of cleavage furrow formation.
- b. disruption of mitotic spindle formation.
- c. inhibition of DNA synthesis.
- d. inhibition of kinetochore motor proteins.
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Choose the letter of the best match from the following.
A. Spindle Checkpoint
B. Checkpoint to look for properly replicated Chromosomes
C. Time of the most cell growth
D. Primary checkpoint where external factors (i.e. nutrition, growth factors, size of cell) will influence if cell divides.
E. Duplicate copy of the hereditary information is made.
F. None of the Above
select - 1. G.
select - 2. S
select - 3. G2/M
select - 4. M
select - 5. G1/S
select
6. G2
Which of the following statements is a lie?Select one:
a. If damaged DNA is detected during the cell cycle, negative regulation is responsible in stopping the cell cycle.
b. There are four cyclin proteins involved in the positive regulation of the cell cycle and they have fluctuating levels.
c. To activate cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks), they must bind to another kinase.
Part A and B
A. What below would be likely to lead to cancer development?
A) Overexpression of a cell cycle checkpoint inhibitor
B) Loss of expression of a growth factor that promotes cell cycle entry
C) Overexpression of a receptor tyrosine kinase that promotes cell cycle entry
D) Overexpression of a DNA damage repair enzyme
E) Loss of expression of a regulatory transcription factor that activates transcription of a cyclin
B. Taxols inhibit the proper function of microtubules and are frequently used as chemotherapy drugs. What is the function of microtubules during the cell cycle?
A) They promote the G1 to S checkpoint
B) They normally inhibit M phase from being completed
C) They form the mitotic spindle
E) They mediate DNA replication
F) They form the cleavage furrow during cytokinesis
Chapter 12 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 12 - a. How many chromosomes are in your somatic cells?...Ch. 12 - a. What event is common to all three subphases of...Ch. 12 - The following diagrams will depict the five stages...Ch. 12 - a. What is MPF? b. Describe the relative...Ch. 12 - In the following photomicrograph of onion root tip...Ch. 12 - Describe one chromosome as it proceeds through an...Ch. 12 - Draw a sketch of one half of a mitotic spindle....Ch. 12 - FILL IN THE BLANK: Identify the appropriate phase...Ch. 12 - FILL IN THE BLANK: Identify the appropriate phase...Ch. 12 - Prob. 3TYKF
Ch. 12 - Prob. 4TYKFCh. 12 - Prob. 5TYKFCh. 12 - Prob. 6TYKFCh. 12 - FILL IN THE BLANK: Identify the appropriate phase...Ch. 12 - Prob. 8TYKFCh. 12 - Prob. 9TYKFCh. 12 - FILL IN THE BLANK: Identify the appropriate phase...Ch. 12 - One of the differences between prokaryotic binary...Ch. 12 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 12 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 12 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 12 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 12 - In eukaryotic organisms, chromosomes are...Ch. 12 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 12 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 12 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 12 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 12 - During cell division, cyclin combines with...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 12 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 12 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 12 - Vinblastine is a chemotherapeutic drug used to...
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- Vinblastine is a standard chemotherapeutic drug used to treatcancer. Because it interferes with the assembly of microtubules,its effectiveness must be related to(A) disruption of mitotic spindle formation.(B) suppression of cyclin production.(C) myosin denaturation and inhibition of cleavage furrowformation.(D) inhibition of DNA synthesis.arrow_forwardWhich of the following are characteristics of aging cells (select all that apply)? A. Chronic inflammation results in premature shortening of telomeres B. Lengthening of telomeric DNA sequence C. Accumulation of telomere-dysfunction–induced foci (TIFs) D. Older cells produce more telomerase E. Increased erosion of telomeresarrow_forwardIf a drug interferes with the formation of microtubules , its effectiveness must be related to disruption of mitotic spindle formation suppression of cyclin production inhibition of DNA synthesis myosin denaturation and inhibition of cleavage formationarrow_forward
- 1) What phase of mitosis is this? Answer: 2) What is the indicated structure 1? select one. a. chromosome b. chromosome with two sister chromatids c. centrioles/centrosome d. spindle fibres e. metaphase plate 3)If the diploid (2n) number of this cell is 8 how many chromosomes are present? 4) If the diploid (2n) number of this cell is 8 how many sister chromatids are present? 5) If the diploid (2n) number of this cell is 8 how many homologous pairs are present?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about the cell cycle is TRUE? a. The protein APC blocks cells from entering anaphase b. CDKs are degraded after each cell cycle phase by the addition of a ubiquitin chain to the proteins c. A kinase is a protein that adds a ubiquitin chain to other proteins Cyclin activity is necessary, but not always sufficient, for CDK activation d. Cyclin proteins must be degraded before Cdk proteins can be activatedarrow_forwardWhich of the following is the primary method by which cyclin proteins are regulated to influence entry into the cell cycle or transition from one stage to the next? A. Transcriptional upregulation and translation followed by targeted ubiquitin-mediated degradation by a proteasome. B. Phosphorylation to regulate the activity of the kinase site. C. An activating phosphorylation and an inactivating phosphorylation. D. All of these are mechanisms that can be used to regulate cyclins.arrow_forward
- How does gene activation lead to cell differentiation? Explain the correct answer and explain why the others are wrong. A. Different genes are activated in different cells, causing each cell to have a unique funcation B. The same genes are actives in every cell of your body, causing every cell to function the same C. Certain cells only have parts of DNA that causes cell deferentiation D. Unique genes are in different cells, causing each cell to have a unique functionarrow_forwardP53 is a tumor suppressor protein. The protein is present in the cell at all times but is activated by protein kinases that are, in turned activated by DNA damage. What would be the result of a mutation of the P 53 gene in cell that resulted in a form of P53 that was permanently active? Group of answer choices A. the cell cycle would be inhibited in all cells in a tumor if it forms B. the cell cycle would be inhibited C. the cell would form a tumor D. the cell has a higher probability of forming a tumor E. the cell cycle of all cells in the body would be inhibitedarrow_forwardP53 is a tumor suppressors protein. The protein is present in the cell at all times but is activated by protein kinases that are, in turned activated by DNA damage. A mutation of the P 53 gene in cell results in a form of P53 that is permanently active. What would happen to the mutant version of the P53 gene? Group of answer choices A. it would spread to neighboring cells but not very far B. it would be found in tumor cells only C. it would take over the world and make us all do its bidding D. it would only be found in the original cell in which the mutation occurred E. it would spread to all cells in the bodyarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is true regarding cell cycle regulators? a. Cyclins determine which proteins each Cdks will act on. b. Cdks check the DNA for damage and repairs it. c. Cyclin binding to Cdks will result to Cdk inactivation. d. Cyclin levels remain constant through the cell cycle.arrow_forwardShown below are photomicrographs of normal onion cells and colchicine-treated onion root tip cells undergoing cell division. Identify the stage of cell division these cells are into. a. Compare the cell sizes of the untreated and colchicine-treated Allium cepa.arrow_forwardThe following diagram indicates how the cell cycle progresses in typical human cells: INTERPHASE G₁ MITOTIC (M) PHASE Mitosis Cytokinesis DRUG S (DNA synthesis) G2 Suppose that you are investigating potential drugs that might be used to stop the out of control growth of tumor cells. The following table lists several experimental drugs along with some information about their effect on cells. Predict which stage of the cell cycle might be inhibited by each of the drugs (A through E). COMMENTS Shown to block thearrow_forward
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