Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134604718
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino, Darrell Killian
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 12, Problem 13PDQ
Assume that a viral DNA molecule is a 50-μm-long circular strand with a uniform 20-Å diameter. If this molecule is contained in a viral head that is a 0.08-μm-diameter sphere, will the DNA molecule fit into the viral head, assuming complete flexibility of the molecule? Justify your answer mathematically.
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Given the following eukaryotic DNA strand, transcribe and translate the DNA into a polypeptide using the 3’ – 5’ strand as the template. You may use drawings, diagrams, colours and annotations to describe how the DNA strand will be synthesized into a functional protein. (KEY: The letters SBMD are “made up” nucleic acids that depict non-coding regions in the DNA, hypothetically S pairs with B and M pairs with D).2.2. Describe what are missense mutations and its effects on structure and function using haemoglobin as an example
A biological motor used to package double-stranded (ds) DNA into viral capsids is able toexert 50 pN of force.
A. If the active site has a surface area of 10^-17 m2 , to what pressure can the biological motor package dsDNA within the viral capsid before stalling?
B.If the viral capsid has a radius of 30 nm, how much potential energy is stored due to the pressure-confinement of the dsDNA within the capsid?
C. Compare this to thermal energy at room temperature, kBT, where kB=1.38*10^-23 J/K is the Boltzmann constant.
Given the following eukaryotic DNA strand, transcribe and translate the DNA into apolypeptide using the 3’ – 5’ strand as the template. You may use drawings, diagrams,colours and annotations to describe how the DNA strand will be synthesized into afunctional protein. (KEY: The letters SBMD are “made up” nucleic acids that depict non-coding regions in theDNA, hypothetically S pairs with B and M pairs with D).2.2. Describe what are missense mutations and its effects on structure and function usinghaemoglobin as an example (8).5’ - TATAAAAASSMSBMDATGSBDCCMBDBAATBSMDSTGTGTCCTMSBAG – 3’
Chapter 12 Solutions
Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
Ch. 12 - In bacteriophages and bacteria, the DNA is almost...Ch. 12 - After salivary gland cells from Drosophila are...Ch. 12 - If a human nucleus is 10 m in diameter, and it...Ch. 12 - Roberts syndrome is a rare inherited disorder...Ch. 12 - Prob. 2CSCh. 12 - Roberts syndrome is a rare inherited disorder...Ch. 12 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we focused on how...Ch. 12 - CONCEPT QUESTION Review the Chapter Concepts list...Ch. 12 - Contrast the size of the single chromosome in...Ch. 12 - Describe the structure of giant polytene...
Ch. 12 - What genetic process is occurring in a puff of a...Ch. 12 - During what genetic process are lampbrush...Ch. 12 - Why might we predict that the organization of...Ch. 12 - Describe the sequence of research findings that...Ch. 12 - Describe the molecular composition and arrangement...Ch. 12 - Describe the transitions that occur as nucleosomes...Ch. 12 - Provide a comprehensive definition of...Ch. 12 - Mammals contain a diploid genome consisting of at...Ch. 12 - Assume that a viral DNA molecule is a 50-m-long...Ch. 12 - How many base pairs are in a molecule of phage T2...Ch. 12 - Examples of histone modifications are acetylation...Ch. 12 - Contrast the structure of SINE and LINE DNA...Ch. 12 - Variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) are...Ch. 12 - It has been shown that infectious agents such as...Ch. 12 - Cancer can be defined as an abnormal proliferation...Ch. 12 - In a study of Drosophila, two normally active...Ch. 12 - Prob. 21ESPCh. 12 - An article entitled Nucleosome Positioning at the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 23ESPCh. 12 - Following is a diagram of the general structure of...Ch. 12 - Microsatellites are currently exploited as markers...Ch. 12 - At the end of the short arm of human chromosome 16...
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- Given the fact that 1 fg of DNA = 9.78 * 105base pairs (on average), you can convert the amount of DNA per cell to the lengthof DNA in numbers of base pairs. (a) Calculate the number of basepairs of DNA in the haploid yeast genome. Express your answer inmillions of base pairs (Mb), a standard unit for expressing genomesize. Show your work. (b) How many base pairs per minute weresynthesized during the S phase of these yeast cells?arrow_forwardA DNA sequence consists of a string of elements called nucleotides, in a defined order. Suppose the DNA sequence of a virus is 20 nucleotides long. If each nucleotide can be either a G, T, C, or A, how many different sequences are possible?arrow_forwardIn not more than 200 words, explain how the human genome of 3.4 Gb would be in 2.3 meters long when stretched linearly if this size is fit into a cell of minuscule proportions.arrow_forward
- The Bacteria Escherichia coli DNA genome has a molecular mass of about 3.1 X 10° D. In your answers, show how you came up to each result? (a) How many base pairs does this bacterium contain? (b) How many full double-helical turns does this DNA contain? (c) How long is this DNA in µm?arrow_forwardGiven the following eukaryotic DNA strand, transcribe and translate the DNA into a polypeptide using the 3’ – 5’ strand as the template. You may use drawings, diagrams, colours and annotations to describe how the DNA strand will be synthesized into a functional protein. (32) (KEY: The letters SBMD are “made up” nucleic acids that depict non-coding regions in the DNA, hypothetically S pairs with B and M pairs with D). 5’ - TATAAAAASSMSBMDATGSBDCCMBDBAATBSMDSTGTGTCCTMSBAG – 3’arrow_forwardThe Bacteria Escherichia coli DNA genome has a molecular mass of about 3.1 X 10 9 D. In your answers, show how you came up to each result?(a) How many base pairs does this bacterium contain? (b) How many full double-helical turns does this DNA contain? (c) How long is this DNA in micrometer?arrow_forward
- The DNA sequence of the genome of a virus is known and contains equal number of A, TG and C. The genome is composed of double stranded DNA molecule. It is 10Kb in length. If one searches the genome for the presence of the following sequence 5'-AAAAAA-3'/3'-TTTTTT-5', predict the number of such stretches that are likely to occur. (1Kb = 1000 base pairs). a) Two b) Eight c) Sixteen d) Thirty twoarrow_forwardRNA was extracted from certain virus and found to contain 35% cytosine. With this information, is it possible to predict what percentage of the bases in virus are adenine? If so, what percentage? If not, why not?arrow_forwardBelow is the primary sequence of a viral protein. MSVVNTEIKFPTHLRSGDFAIIDGMVVEVTSVEYKPVEQAVYLKYRYHLHGNELSGSSLISAFKAVRTLEVP Does this protein absorb light at 280 nm? If yes, please write (as a number) how many residues contribute to absorbing light at 280 nm. If no, then your answer should be zero (0)arrow_forward
- The DNA chromosome in E. coli contains approximately 4 million base pairs. The average gene contains about 1500 base pairs. Use this information to calculate the following (show all work ): a) The length in meters of this chromosome. b) The approximate number of genes in the chromosome (assuming no wasted DNA).arrow_forwardTo answer the prompts below, you will need to draw the chemical structure of the trinucleotide 5' - ACG - 3', labeling the 5' and 3' ends. Opposite this structure, draw the complementary trinucleotide to make a double-stranded DNA molecule. A. What is the complementary trinucleotide sequence from 5' to 3' (enter answer as e.g. CGA)? TCG B. How many non-covalent hydrogen bonds stabilize this structure? 8 C. How many covalent phosphate linkages stabilize this structure? 10 D. Which type of bond takes less energy to break? Phosphate linkage O Non-covalent hydrogen bondsarrow_forwardThe Tm of a DNA strand can be calculated by hand using the formula: (2 ℃)(?????? ?? ? + ?) + (4 ℃)(?????? ?? ? + ?) = ??℃ Using this formular, calculate the Tm for the following DNA sequence: [CTTTCACAGCCACTATCCAGCGGTAC] Note: This formula has several limitations and is not useful for sequences longer than 14 bp. Use the Internet search to find an online Tm calculator. Use this calculator to find the Tm of the above sequence. Using information from your search, identify three factors that can affect the Tm.arrow_forward
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