Physics of Everyday Phenomena
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781259894008
Author: W. Thomas Griffith, Juliet Brosing Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 16CQ
If we want to increase the efficiency of a Carnot engine, would it be more effective to raise the temperature of the high-temperature reservoir by 50°C or lower the temperature of the low-temperature reservoir by 50°C? Explain.
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Physics of Everyday Phenomena
Ch. 11 - Prob. 1CQCh. 11 - Prob. 2CQCh. 11 - In applying the first law of thermodynamics to a...Ch. 11 - Is the total amount of heat released by a heat...Ch. 11 - From the perspective of the first law of...Ch. 11 - Which motor in a hybrid vehiclethe electric or...Ch. 11 - Prob. 7CQCh. 11 - Prob. 8CQCh. 11 - Prob. 9CQCh. 11 - Prob. 10CQ
Ch. 11 - Prob. 11CQCh. 11 - Is it possible for the efficiency of a heat engine...Ch. 11 - Can a Carnot engine operate in an irreversible...Ch. 11 - Does a gasoline-burning automobile engine operate...Ch. 11 - Which would have the greater efficiencya Carnot...Ch. 11 - If we want to increase the efficiency of a Carnot...Ch. 11 - Is a heat pump the same thing as a heat engine?...Ch. 11 - Is a heat pump essentially the same thing as a...Ch. 11 - When a heat pump is used to heat a building, where...Ch. 11 - Is it possible to cool a closed room by leaving...Ch. 11 - Prob. 21CQCh. 11 - Prob. 22CQCh. 11 - Prob. 23CQCh. 11 - Prob. 24CQCh. 11 - Which has the higher entropy, a deck of cards in...Ch. 11 - A hot cup of coffee is allowed to cool down, thus...Ch. 11 - When a substance freezes, the molecules become...Ch. 11 - Which would normally have the greater thermal...Ch. 11 - In what ways is a nuclear power plant similar to a...Ch. 11 - What is the distinction between high-grade heat...Ch. 11 - Prob. 31CQCh. 11 - Prob. 32CQCh. 11 - Is an automobile engine a perpetual-motion...Ch. 11 - Prob. 34CQCh. 11 - Prob. 35CQCh. 11 - The water draining from the bottom of the pond...Ch. 11 - Prob. 37CQCh. 11 - In one cycle, a heat engine takes in 1200 J of...Ch. 11 - A heat engine with an efficiency of 28% does 700 J...Ch. 11 - In one cycle, a heat engine takes in 800 J of heat...Ch. 11 - A heat engine with an efficiency of 35% takes in...Ch. 11 - In one cycle, a heat engine does 700 J of work and...Ch. 11 - A Carnot engine takes in heat at a temperature of...Ch. 11 - A Carnot engine takes in heat from a reservoir at...Ch. 11 - A Carnot engine operates between temperatures of...Ch. 11 - A heat pump takes in 450 J of heat from a...Ch. 11 - In each cycle of its operation, a refrigerator...Ch. 11 - A typical electric refrigerator (see fig. 11.9)...Ch. 11 - A typical nuclear power plant delivers heat from...Ch. 11 - An ocean thermal-energy power plant takes in warm...Ch. 11 - An engineer designs a heat engine using flat-plate...Ch. 11 - Suppose that a typical automobile engine operates...Ch. 11 - Prob. 2SPCh. 11 - A Carnot engine operating in reverse as a heat...Ch. 11 - In section 11.3, we showed that a violation of the...Ch. 11 - Suppose that an oil-fired power plant is designed...
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- How could you design a Carnot engine with 100% efficiency?arrow_forwardA Carnot engine operates in a Carnot cycle between a heat source at 550 and a heat sink at 20 . Find the efficiency of the Carnot engine.arrow_forwardA Carnot engine has an efficiency of 0.60. When the temperature of its cold reservoir the efficiency drops to 0.55. If initially Tc=27, determine (a) the constant value of Th and (b) the final value of Tc.arrow_forward
- At point A in a Carnot cycle, 2.34 mol of a monatomic ideal gas has a pressure of 1 4000 kPa, a volume of 10.0 L, and a temperature of 720 K. The gas expands isothermally to point B and then expands adiabatically to point C, where its volume is 24.0 L. An isothermal compression brings it to point D, where its volume is 15.0 L. An adiabatic process returns the gas to point A. (a) Determine all the unknown pressures, volumes, and temperatures as you f ill in the following table: (b) Find the energy added by heat, the work done by the engine, and the change in internal energy for each of the steps A B, B C, C D, and D A (c) Calculate the efficiency Wnet/|Qk|. (d) Show that the efficiency is equal to 1 - TC/TA, the Carnot efficiency.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true for the entropy change of a system that undergoes a reversible, adiabatic process? (a) S 0 (b) S = 0 (c) S 0arrow_forwardA certain gasoline engine has an efficiency of 30.0%. What would the hot reservoir temperature be for a Carnot engine having that eficiency, if it operates with a cold reservoir temperature of 200°C?arrow_forward
- Consider these scenarios and state whether work is done by the system on the environment (SE) or by the environment on the system (ES): (a) opening a carbonated beverage; (b) filling a flat tire; (c) a sealed empty gas can expands on a hot day, bowing out the walls.arrow_forwardOf the following, which is not a statement of the second law of thermodynamics? (a) No heat engine operating in a cycle can absorb energy from a reservoir and use it entirely to do work, (b) No real engine operating between two energy reservoirs can be more efficient than a Carnot engine operating between the same two reservoirs, (c) When a system undergoes a change in state, the change in the internal energy of the system is the sum of the energy transferred to the system by heat and the work done on the system, (d) The entropy of the Universe increases in all natural processes, (e) Energy will not spontaneously transfer by heat from a cold object to a hot object.arrow_forward
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