Becker's World of the Cell (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780321934925
Author: Jeff Hardin, Gregory Paul Bertoni
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 11.8PS
Chloroplast Structure. Where in a chloroplast are the following substances or processes localized? Be as specific as possible.
- (a) Ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase
- (b) Cyclic electron flow
- (c) Starch synthase
- (d) Light-harvesting complex I
- (e) Plastoquinol
- (f) Proton pumping
- (g) P700
- (h) Reduction of 3-phosphoglycerate
- (i) Carotenoid molecules
- (j) Oxygen-evolving complex
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
photosynthesis.
Historical Discovery Process
The chemical changes that occur during photosynthesis have been
investigated for the past 300 years. The general highlights of these
discoveries help us to understand the basic process of photosynthesis.
Three centuries ago people wondered where plants came from. They
knew that plants grew out of the ground, but how that happened was a
complete mystery to them. The first step in answering the question was
to plant a small tree in a large pot supported off the ground. They did this
so that the soil of the container was separated from the soil of the earth.
Only the dirt in the pot was available to the plant.
The people cared for the plant during one year. At the end of the year
the small tree had gained 100 kg. (The actual data from this experiment
have been changed to simplify the discussion.)
1. What do you think the experimenters considered as two possible
sources for the substances (matter) that became incorporated into new
tree growth?…
Photosyntheis related question (s):
When protons move out of the thylakoid, are they moving up or down their concentration gradient? (From low to high concentration or from high to low concentration?)
What protein(s) facilitate the transport of protons out of the thylakoid?
We can write the formula for photosynthesis as follows:
6 H2O + 6 CO2 + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6 O2
How would you write a formula for the light reactions? Include ATP, ADP, NADP and NADPH as relevant?
How would you write a formula for the Calvin cycle? Include ATP, ADP, NADP and NADPH as relevant.
Chemiosmosis. ATP synthesis in chloroplasts is usually light dependent; it does not happen in the dark.
When researchers shifted isolated chloroplasts from a low pH solution to a more alkaline (higher pH) solution, ATP synthesis occurred even in the absence of light! This was an experiment used to support the chemiosmosis mechanism of ATP formation in chloroplasts. Why?
What would happen if the isolated chloroplasts were shifted to a lower pH solution?
What would be the results if the above experiments were performed in the presence of light?
If these experiments were performed in mitochondria instead of chloroplasts, what results would we expect?
Chapter 11 Solutions
Becker's World of the Cell (9th Edition)
Ch. 11 - Both mitochondria and chloroplasts are...Ch. 11 - In the late 1800s, T. W. Engelmann illuminated...Ch. 11 - How do the type and arrangement of the various...Ch. 11 - An essential structural feature in both...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.4CCCh. 11 - Explain how the Calvin cycle fixes three CO2...Ch. 11 - What are the major regulatory points in the Calvin...Ch. 11 - Although the typical chemical equation for...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.8CCCh. 11 - True or False Indicate whether each of the...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Odd man out. Which of the following is not a component of chloroplasts? a. Thylakoid membrane b. Stromal lamellae c. Cristae d. Granumarrow_forwardThe light phase of photosynthesis at the molecular... Photosystem II r QUALI Watch on YouTube Q Search Answer the following questions using the virtual lab light phase video. Where do the electrons for the light reaction come from? How does light cause protons to be pumped? If photosystem 1 (the second photosystem in the chain) is mutated and does not work, will the plant still be able to provide ATP for the Dark reaction? SLO 2 LO M CSU 40 4+ 8 244 9 >11. Share 111 112 +arrow_forwardAueshion-a Give the LETTER and NAME of the: 3.2.1 Specialized cell in which photosynthesis takes place 3.2.2 Part through which transpiration takes place 3.2.3 Organelle that contains chlorophyll Grandarrow_forward
- 20. Energy harvest. What is the yield of ATP when each of the following substrates is completely oxidized to CO₂ by a mammalian cell homogenate? Assume that glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation are fully active. (a) Pyruvate (d) Phosphoenolpyruvate (e) Galactose (b) Lactate (c) Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (f) Dihydroxyacetone phosphatearrow_forward7. Flow of carbon atoms. What is the fate of the radioac- tive label when each of the following compounds is added to a cell extract containing the enzymes and cofac- tors of the glycolytic pathway, the citric acid cycle, and the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex? (The ¹4C label is printed in red.) (a) (c) H3C H3C O C. O C. COO COO- (b) (d) H3C H₂C O C. O C. (e) Glucose 6-phosphate labeled at C-1. COO™ S-COAarrow_forwardPlease help! Photosynthesis and Cell respiration: A. What should happen to the O2 levels in a closed container containing a plant during the day? why? B. And what happens to the O2 levels during the night (no light)? Why?arrow_forward
- Can someone help me understand this. A student set up an experiment to show the effect of light color on photosynthesis in Elodea plants. She filled two test tubes with distilled water and placed a piece of Elodea in each of the tubes. She added a drop of phenol red, which turns red in a basic solution and yellow in an acidic solution. She blew in each tube before placing the volumeters on the top of the tube. Why did she blow into the tube? to add oxygen to the tube to add carbon dioxide to the tube to add carbohydrates to the tube to add sodium bicarbonate to the tubearrow_forwardTrue or False? The following is the correct sequence for the movement of electrons during the light-dependent reactions of plants: A) P680 --> P700 --> water --> NADP+ In cellular metabolism, photosynthesis uses solar energy to produce energy-rich organics; respiration breaks down energy-rich organics to synthesize ATParrow_forwardFo-F1 ATPase. The energy for ATP synthesis from ADP and Pi is provided by the downhill transport of protons through the rotary FoF1 ATP synthase (lecture 22). The enzyme has 3 a-b and 12 ‘c’ subunits. The mitochondrion maintains Df=180 mV (negative inside), pHin = 8, pHout=7, [Pi] = 3 mM and ADP is present as well. How much energy is available (from the proton electrochemical gradient) for ATP synthesis under these conditions (in kJ/mol)? What [ATP]/[ADP] ratio will be established at steady-state under these conditions? What would be the [ATP]/[ADP] ratio if the enzyme had only 9 ‘c’ subunits? Remember that full revolution of the crank (gamma subunit) produces 3 ATP.arrow_forward
- Photosynthesis and Respiration: Explain the details of the light-independent reaction. Make sure to explain the role of ATP and NADPH and where this reaction takes place.arrow_forwardIn photosynthesis, reaction? which of the following is NOT true about the light-dependent ("light”) Light-excited electrons in chlorophyll provide the energy for ATP production None of the other four answers (All are true of the light-dependent reaction) The light-dependent reaction converts light energy to chemical energy stored in ATP The light-dependent reaction (non-cyclic) captures electrons in NADPH Glucose is synthesized from CO2 and water during the light-dependent reactionarrow_forwardTake a deep breath and relax. The oxygen that you breathe in is directly consumed by the _____ in the ______. Select one: a. cytochrome oxidase complex, electron transport chain b. NADH reductase complex, electron transport chain c. an iron-containing ubiquinone protein, electron transport chain d. NADH reductase complex, Kreb’s Cycle e. Cytochrome oxidase comples, Kreb’s Cycle Clear my choicearrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:9781305577206
Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Photosynthesis & Respiration | Reactions | Chemistry | FuseSchool; Author: FuseSchool - Global Education;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3XIyweZg6Sw;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY