Becker's World of the Cell (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780321934925
Author: Jeff Hardin, Gregory Paul Bertoni
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 11.2CC
How do the type and arrangement of the various photosynthetic pigments maximize the absorption and use of solar energy for photosynthesis?
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What are the two places where light energy is required in the light reaction of photosynthesis? Why must energy be supplied at precisely these points?
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The Calvin cycle, the "dark reaction" or Carbon fixation reactions of photosynthesis, cannot occur at night in a living plant. Which of the following best describes why this is true?
A) The stomata are incapable of opening at night, thus CO2 cannot enter the leaf
B) The reactions of the Calvin cycle are dependent on light reactions for high-energy compounds
C) Several enxymes necessary for Calvin cycle activity have been degraded during the day and must be replaced
D) Light is required to transport the water necessary for the cycle
E) Cooler temperatures at night slow enzyme activity and rates of substrate diffusion
Chapter 11 Solutions
Becker's World of the Cell (9th Edition)
Ch. 11 - Both mitochondria and chloroplasts are...Ch. 11 - In the late 1800s, T. W. Engelmann illuminated...Ch. 11 - How do the type and arrangement of the various...Ch. 11 - An essential structural feature in both...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.4CCCh. 11 - Explain how the Calvin cycle fixes three CO2...Ch. 11 - What are the major regulatory points in the Calvin...Ch. 11 - Although the typical chemical equation for...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.8CCCh. 11 - True or False Indicate whether each of the...
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- Melvin Calvin and Andrew Benson determined the steps in the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis by exposing the green alga Chlorella to CO2 labeled with the radioisotope carbon 14. By looking at which compounds the C14 ended up in, they were able to identify all intermediates in this cyclic pathway. Why did they predict correctly that the same set of intermediates would be formed in the light reaction in land plants?arrow_forwardWhat are the products of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis? 1) production of ATP, oxygen, and NADPH O 2) production of ATP, water, and NADH 3) regeneration of NAD+ O 4) Production of G3P and ATP O 5) production of oxygen and NAD+arrow_forwardWhat does the color of chlorophyll suggest as to which wavelength of light is the most beneficial for photosynthesis?arrow_forward
- Of all the photosynthetic pigments, which absorbs the most sunlight and at which wavelengths(s) of visible light?arrow_forwardWhat is the overall outcome of the light reactions in photosynthesis?arrow_forwardWhich of the following correctly sequences the steps of non-cyclic electron transport? a) Chlorophyll molecules absorb UV radiation exciting electrons which flow through photosystem I, returning to the chlorophyll molecules b) Electrons donated from water molecules pass through photosystem I then photosystem II before returning to the chlorophyll molecules, generating ATP in the process c) Water is oxidized by the capture of light energy; these excited electrons are passed through the dark reactions, returning to chlorophyll during the final light reactions d) The ATP and NADPH generated by the reactions of photosystem II and photosystem I are utilized by the Calvin Cycle to build high energy glucose moleculesarrow_forward
- DRAW a curved arrow mechanism for photosynthesis with the following steps. Step 1: Absorption of sunlight and excitation of chlorophyll molecules Step 2: Transfer of energy to reaction center chlorophylls, which lose an electron and become oxidized. Step 3: Electron transfer from oxidized chlorophylls to an electron acceptor, such as a quinone molecule Step 4: Electron transfer from the quinone molecule to a chain of electron carriers, such as cytochromes, which generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane Step 5: ATP synthesis by ATP synthase using the energy of the proton gradient. Step 6: Transfer of electrons from the electron carriers to the enzyme rubisco, which catalyzes the carboxylation of ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) with CO2, forming an unstable 6-carbon intermediate. Step 7: Cleavage of the 6-carbon intermediate into two 3-carbon molecules, which are phosphorylated by ATP and reduced by NADPH to form glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) Step 8: Conversion of G3P to…arrow_forwardPhotosystems are essential to the light reactions. Which of the following is true about photosystems? a) Photosystems are embedded within membranes, across which they create a proton gradient. b) Photosystems work together to absorb light over a larger surface area than could be possible from just one pigment molecule working alone. c) Photosystems are composed of proteins and pigment molecules. d) All of the abovearrow_forwardwhat is the process called that provides the energy to pump protons during the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis? which direction are protons pumped?arrow_forward
- What are the fates of the products of the light dependent reaction of photosynthesis?arrow_forwardWhat is the overall outcome of the light reactions in photosynthesis? NADPH and ATP molecules are produced during the light reactions and are used to power the light independent reactions. NADPH and ATP molecules are produced during the light reactions, which are used to power the light dependent reactions. Sugar and ATP are produced during the light reactions, which are used to power the light independent reactions. Carbon dioxide and NADPH are produced during the light reactions, which are used to power the light dependent reactions.arrow_forwardWhich of the mechanisms for dissipating light energy shown in Fig. would best protect the photosystems from excess light energy?arrow_forward
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