(a)
Interpretation: The empirical formula of compounds of given percent compositions needs to be determined.
Concept Introduction: An empirical formula of a compound has the simplest whole number ratio of atoms in the compound.
(a)
Explanation of Solution
The given percent composition is 42.9% C and 57.1% O. Considering 100 g of a compound, the mass of C and O in 100 g of the compound will be 42.9% and 57.1% respectively.
The number of moles of C and O can be calculated as follow:
Since the molar mass of C and O is 12 g/mol and 16 g/mol respectively, thus,
Similarly,
Calculate the ratio of the number of moles of C and O.
Now, the empirical formula of the compound will be:
Or,
(b)
Interpretation: The empirical formula of compounds of given percent compositions needs to be determined.
Concept Introduction: An empirical formula of a compound has the simplest whole number ratio of atoms in the compound.
(b)
Explanation of Solution
The given composition is 32.00% C, 42.66% O, 18.67% N, and 6.67% H.
Consider 100 g of the compound. Thus, the mass of C, O, N, and H will be 32.00 g, 42.66 g, 18.67 g, and 6.67 g respectively,
Now, the number of moles of C, O, N, and H can be calculated as follows:
Here, molar mass of C, O, N and H is 12 g/mol, 16 g/mol, 14 g/mol and 1 g/mol.
Thus,
And,
Similarly,
And,
Now, the simplest ratio of atoms can be calculated as follows:
Thus, the empirical formula of the compound is
(c)
Interpretation: The empirical formula of compounds of given percent compositions needs to be determined.
Concept Introduction: An empirical formula of a compound has the simplest whole number ratio of atoms in the compound.
(c)
Explanation of Solution
The given composition is 71.72% Cl, 16.16% O, and 12.12 % C.
Considering 100 g of sample. Thus, the mass of Cl, O, and C will be 71.72 g, 16.16 g, and 12.12 g.
Number of moles of Cl, O, and C can be calculated as follows:
And,
And,
Now, the simplest ratio of the compound will be:
Thus, the empirical formula of a compound is
Chapter 10 Solutions
Chemistry 2012 Student Edition (hard Cover) Grade 11
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationPrinciples of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill EducationChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningElementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY