Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134047799
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 10, Problem 6PDQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
Predicting correct DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) replication model by analyzing a genetic model of an unknown creature.
Introduction:
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Next, before proceeding to problems 6-8, figure out the following terms:
• replication fork
• replicon
• origin of replication
The rest is simple math (almost like: Suppose one painter can paint the entire house in 7 hours. How
many painters would it take to paint 10 houses in 24 hours?)
9. A particularly short eukaryotic chromosome has a total of 6 x 10° bp and is replicated in 3
minutes. Assuming all origins initiate at the same time, and that all replication forks move
at a rate of 10* bp per minute, approximately how many:
a) replication forks should be present in this chromosome?
b) origins should be present in this chromosome?
3 of 30
Meselson and Stahl conducted experiments to test three prevailing models for DNA replication. They began by growing E. coli for many generations in medium containing 15N. They then transferred the bacteria into
medium containing only 14N, and allowed the bacteria to undergo two rounds of DNA replication. After each round of replication, the scientists performed density-gradient centrifugation of the DNA.
Identify the banding patterns predicted by each model after the second round of replication?
Drag the test tubes to the appropriate locations in the table to show the banding patterns that each model predicts. Test tubes may be used once or not at all.
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Model
14N/15N--
dispersive
semiconservative
conservative
beginning of
experiment
14N/14N--
15N/15N--
15N/15N-
15N/15N--
15N/15N--
first
14N/14N--
replication
14N/15N-
14N/15N--
15N/15N--
14N/15N--
15N/15N-
second
replication
14N/15N
14N/14N--
14N/15N-
Recall that Meselson and Stahl used heavy nitrogen (N15) and light nitorgen (N14) to determine the mode of DNA replication. If Meselson and Stahl had observed two bands
on their gel following only one round of replication, which replication model would have been supported by this observation?
conservative model of replication
this observation would not have supported any of their models
dispersive model of replication
semi conservative model of replication
O O O O
Chapter 10 Solutions
Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
Ch. 10 -
CASE STUDY | At loose ends
A researcher was...Ch. 10 - Prob. 2CSCh. 10 - Prob. 3CSCh. 10 - Prob. 4CSCh. 10 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we focused on how...Ch. 10 - Review the Chapter Concepts list on p. 180. These...Ch. 10 - Compare conservative, semiconservative, and...Ch. 10 - Prob. 4PDQCh. 10 - Predict the results of the experiment by Taylor,...Ch. 10 - Prob. 6PDQ
Ch. 10 - Prob. 7PDQCh. 10 - Prob. 8PDQCh. 10 - Prob. 9PDQCh. 10 - Prob. 10PDQCh. 10 - Prob. 11PDQCh. 10 - Prob. 12PDQCh. 10 - Prob. 13PDQCh. 10 -
14. Distinguish between (a) unidirectional and...Ch. 10 - Prob. 15PDQCh. 10 - Define and indicate the significance of (a)...Ch. 10 - Outline the current model for DNA synthesis.Ch. 10 - Why is DNA synthesis expected to be more complex...Ch. 10 - Prob. 19PDQCh. 10 - Several temperature-sensitive mutant strains of E....Ch. 10 - Prob. 21PDQCh. 10 - Prob. 22PDQ
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Question:- Your friend works in a lab that studies origin licensing. He is particularly interested in the pre-replicative complex (pre-RC) and has isolated a temperature-sensitive yeast mutant that does not seem to assemble the pre-RC at the origins of replication. However, he has gotten into an argument with a new student in the lab. The student thinks that this yeast mutant will arrest in late mitosis or early G1, because that is when the pre-RC is normally assembled. Your friend disagrees. Who is right, and why?arrow_forwardBelow is a list of "solutions" to problems encountered when bacteria replicate DNA. Match the "solution" to the specific "problem" encountered during DNA replication ligase Choose] [Choose ] helicase conversion of ds DNA into ss templates relief of chromosome supercoiling Primase synthesis of short primer replacement of RNA with DNA synthesis of most of DNA DNA Polymerase I using RNA as template to make DNA covalent linkage of Okazaki fragments Bacterial Gyrasearrow_forward4. (2 points) Pseudomonas aeruginosa's circular chromosome is 7.5x106 bp long and the replication fork in Pseudomonas aeruginosa moves at a constant 1000 nt/s using bidirectional replication. Approximately how long will it take a P. aeruginosa to replicate its own genome?arrow_forward
- Provide a detailed description and hand-drawn figure for each of the following. (1) DNA Unwinding/Supercoiling (2) Replication Initiation (3) Replication Elongation (Replication Fork) (4) Replication Terminationarrow_forwardThe figure at the right shows a partially drawn replication fork. a) Annotate this figure to show the proper location of each of the following: • template DNA strand polarity • DNA polymerase I Topoisomerase (gyrase) • leading strand daughter fragment(s) lagging strand daughter fragment(s) Single stranded binding proteins • DNA polymerase III • Primase • Ligase • Helicasearrow_forwardWhich of the following are differences between prokaryotic DNA replication and eukaryotic DNA replication? (select all that apply) Group of answer choices: 1. Eukaryotic DNA is linear, while prokaryotic DNA is circular and undergoes theta replication 2. Eukaryotic genomes often have multiple chromosomes, while prokaryotic genomes are usually only made up of one chromosome 3. DNA polymerase 3 adds dNTPs to the growing DNA strand in eukaryotes, while DNA polymerase 2 adds dNTPs to the growing DNA strand in prokaryotes 4. In eukaryotes, DNA polymerase requires a primer to add nucleotides to growing DNA strand, while in prokaryotes, no primer is needed to add nucleotides to the growing DNA strand 5. Longer telomeres are added to the end of prokaryotic chromosomes than are added to the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes 6. Eukaryotic DNA will have multiple origins of replication, while prokaryotic DNA only have onearrow_forward
- TRUE OR FALSE. a) The Sanger method of DNA sequencing follows the principle of complementarity just like in the replication process. b) Supercoiling whether positive or negative, can be experienced in the replication or transcription process.arrow_forward5' 3' For numbers 6 to 10, refer to the image above and answer the questions. 6. Which among the two strands will have a continuous replication? 7. Which is the lagging strand? 8. Along which strand will Okazaki fragments appear? 9. How are Okazaki fragments joined together? 10. Where should the 3' end of the lagging strand be located? On the right or left side? inarrow_forwardBelow is a picture of a single origin of replication in a eukaryotic cell. 5' 3' 5' 1. On the figure above, Draw out where the following molecules will be located: Helicase; Sliding Clamp, Single Strand Binding Protein. 2. On the right hand side of the dotted line, the replication of which template strand (top or bottom) will be continuous by DNA polymerase? 3. On the left hand side of the dotted line, the complete replication of which template strand (top or bottom) will be more affected by a mutation that causes DNA ligase to be partially functional?arrow_forward
- The E. coli chromosome is 1.28 mm long. Under optimal conditions, thechromosome is replicated in 40 minutes.(a) What is the distance traversed by one replication fork in 1 minute?(b) If replicating DNA is in the B form (10.4 base pairs per turn), how manynucleotides are incorporated in 1 minute in one replication fork?(c) If cultured human cells (such as HeLa cells) replicate 1.2 m of DNAduring a five-hour S phase and at a rate of fork movement one-tenthof that seen in E. coli, how many origins of replication must the cellscontain?(d) What is the average distance, in kilobase pairs, between these origins?arrow_forwardDraw a diagram of a single replication fork. Label the following on your diagram: 1. All 3’-OH ends 2. All 5’-phosphate ends 3. leading strand (s) 4. lagging strand (s) 5. Okazaki fragments (draw 3) ❏ RNA primer(s) 6. direction of replication ❏ replisome(s) 7. origin (s) 8. terminus (i)arrow_forwardMatching Type Choose the directionality of the given process. (4 points) What is the directionality of the given process? * 4 points 3'-5' 5'-3' Exonuclease activity Complementary strand of the continuous strand Addition of nucleotides going to the replication fork Addition of nucleotides away from the replication forkarrow_forward
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