Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134604718
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino, Darrell Killian
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 10, Problem 34ESP
DNA and RNA are chemically very similar but are distinguished, in large part, by the presence of a 2’-OH group in RNA and a 2’-H group in DNA. Why do you suppose that both DNA and RNA have 3’-OH groups and we do not typically find
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Why exactly are the bases T-G or A-C not complementary?
What tetrapeptide is synthesized from the informational DNA sequence G-T-C-A-G-T-A-C-G-T-T-A?
DNA molecules consist of chemically linked sequences of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine, denoted A, G, C, and T. A sequence of three basesiscalleda codon. A base may appear more than once in a codon. a) How many different codons are there? b) The bases A and G are purines, while C and T are pyrimidines. How many codons are there whose first and third bases are purines and whose second base is a pyrimidine? c) How many codons consist of three different bases?
Chapter 10 Solutions
Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
Ch. 10 - Would an experiment similar to that performed by...Ch. 10 - In sea urchin DNA, which is double stranded, 17.5...Ch. 10 - German measles results from an infection of the...Ch. 10 - What vital clues were provided by Franklins work...Ch. 10 - Was it ethical for Wilkins to show Franklins...Ch. 10 - Prob. 3CSCh. 10 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we first focused...Ch. 10 - CONCEPT QUESTION Review the Chapter Concepts list...Ch. 10 - Discuss the reasons proteins were generally...Ch. 10 - Contrast the contributions made to an...
Ch. 10 - When Avery and his colleagues had obtained what...Ch. 10 - Why were 32P and 35S chosen for use in the...Ch. 10 - Does the design of the HersheyChase experiment...Ch. 10 - What observations are consistent with the...Ch. 10 - What are the exceptions to the general rule that...Ch. 10 - Draw the chemical structure of the three...Ch. 10 - How are the carbon and nitrogen atoms of the...Ch. 10 - Adenine may also be named 6-amino purine. How...Ch. 10 - Draw the chemical structure of a dinucleotide...Ch. 10 - Describe the various characteristics of the...Ch. 10 - What evidence did Watson and Crick have at their...Ch. 10 - What might Watson and Crick have concluded had...Ch. 10 - How do covalent bonds differ from hydrogen bonds?...Ch. 10 - List three main differences between DNA and RNA.Ch. 10 - What are the three major types of RNA molecules?...Ch. 10 - How is the absorption of ultraviolet light by DNA...Ch. 10 - What is the physical state of DNA after it is...Ch. 10 - What is the hyperchromic effect? How is it...Ch. 10 - Why is Tm related to base composition?Ch. 10 - What is the chemical basis of molecular...Ch. 10 - What did the WatsonCrick model suggest about the...Ch. 10 - A genetics student was asked to draw the chemical...Ch. 10 - Considering the information in this chapter on B-...Ch. 10 - One of the most common spontaneous lesions that...Ch. 10 - In some organisms, cytosine is methylated at...Ch. 10 - Because of its rapid turnaround time, fluorescent...Ch. 10 - Prob. 31ESPCh. 10 - Newsdate: March 1, 2030. A unique creature has...Ch. 10 - During gel electrophoresis, DNA molecules can...Ch. 10 - DNA and RNA are chemically very similar but are...Ch. 10 - Electrophoresis is an extremely useful procedure...
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- What are the monomers that makeup a nucleic acid and what are the monomers composed of? What type of bond is found along the backbone of the DNA backbone?arrow_forwardAccording to Chargaff's rule of nitrogenous base pairing, which of the following statements is correct? If all adenine bonds to thymine and all cytosine pairs with guanine, then the sum of all adenine will never be equal to the sum of all thymine in a DNA molecule. If all adenine bonds to thymine and all cytosine pairs with guanine, then the sum of all adenine will never be equal to the sum of all thymine in an RNA molecule. If all adenine bonds to thymine and all cytosine pairs with guanine, then the sum of all adenine equals the sum of all thymine in a DNA molecule. If all adenine bonds to uracil and all cytosine pairs with guanine, then the sum of all adenine will never be equal to the sum of all uracil in an RNA molecule.arrow_forward5-Bromouridine is known to induce mutations in DNA. One of the characteristics of this compound is that the enol form is favored relative to the keto form. Draw the keto- and the eno- tautomers of the base. Determine (and draw) which base (A, T, G, or C) would most likely interact with each of the two forms by base-pair.arrow_forward
- How do we know that the structure of DNA is in the form of a right-handed double-helical molecule?arrow_forwardThe composition (in molefraction units) of one of the strands of a double-helical DNA molecule is [A] = 0.30 and [G] =0.24. (a) What can you say about [T] and [C] for the same strand? (b) What can you say about [A], [G], [T], and [C] of the complementary strand?arrow_forwardWhy do think nucleotides are also sometimes referred to as “bases” or “nucleotide bases”? What is the difference between a nucleotide and a nucleoside? Explain by giving an example, using structures. What kind of bond links a base to some sugar? Is the sugar an alpha or beta anomer? In what position(s) of the sugar does this occur? In what position(s) of the base does this occur? Instead of the term “Formation of a nucleoside”, what could the name of the reaction be? What functional group is being formed? Define the primary structure of DNA/RNA. Compare and contrast to the primary structure of proteins.arrow_forward
- How do these ratios compare with the (A + G)/(T + C) ratio found in DNA? Explain.arrow_forwardFor the trinucleotide 5’ G-C-A-3’ How many nucleotide subunits are present in its ‘backbone’? How many nucleotide ‘non-backbone’ subunits are present? How many phosphodiester linkages are present? What is the overall charge carried by the trinucleotide?arrow_forwardAn RNA molecule has the following percentages of bases: A = 27%, U = 38%, C=20%, G = 15%. (A) Is this RNA molecule single-stranded or double stranded? How can you tell? (B) What would be the percentage of each of the bases in the template strand of the DNA that contains the gene for this RNA?arrow_forward
- Answer D E and F d) in base pairing, why do we never see AG, GA, CT or TC forming complementary base pairs? e) why is vegetarianism a more energy intensive process (from the organism standpoint) than being omnivores? [DON'T EVEN THINK OF STATING ANYTHING ABOUT FIBER, BULK, AND/OR CELULOSE!!!!] f) why is significant serum (in the bloodstream) cholesterol reduction so difficult, and why do most of the drugs designed to reduce cholesterol target the liver?arrow_forwardGiven the structures of the nitrogenous bases shown in the picture, draw the structure of a part of DNA with the sequence: 5'-GTTCA-3'.arrow_forwardWhen comparing the structures of RNA and DNA , which of the following statement is True?A-Only RNA contains 3'-deoxyribise rings B-Both RNA and DNA contain 3'-deoxyribise rings C-Only DNA contains 3'- deoxyribise rings D-Neither RNA or DNA contain 3'-deoxyribise ringsarrow_forward
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