The effect of the relative amount of GC for AT on the heat required for denaturation. Introduction: Denaturation is the process in which the double helix structure of the DNA is melted to produce two single strands of DNA. The denaturation involves the breaking of hydrogen bonds formed between the bases in the duplex.

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Answer 1

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Chapter 1, Problem 13P

Summary Introduction

To determine: The effect of the relative amount of GC for AT on the heat required for denaturation.

Introduction: Denaturation is the process in which the double helix structure of the DNA is melted to produce two single strands of DNA. The denaturation involves the breaking of hydrogen bonds formed between the bases in the duplex.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The effect of length of DNA double helix in base pairs on the amount of heat required to denature it.

Introduction: The melting temperature of nucleic acid is a temperature at which the half strand of the DNA is single-stranded. The melting temperature depends on the length of the DNA and its nucleotide sequences.

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You are supplied with the following information about a DNA molecule: The molecular weight of a typical nucleotide is 660 Da. The linear density of double stranded DNA is 4 x 106 Da per micrometer. There are 10 base pairs in one complete turn of the double helix. Answer the following questions about a DNA molecule with a length of 3.3 micrometer and a base composition which contains 20% of the base adenine (A). (a) How many phosphor atoms are present in this DNA molecule?(b) How many full turns of the DNA helix are there in this molecule?(c) What is the percentage of guanine bases in the DNA molecule?(d) How many hydrogen bonds are there in the molecule?(e) How many phosphodiester bonds are there in the molecule?( f ) What is the length in basepairs of a DNA molecule that contains 606 full turns of the double helix?

Hydrolysis of the N-glycosyl bond between deoxyribose and a purine base in DNA creates an apurinic (AP) site. An AP site is more thermodynamically destabilizing to a DNA molecule than is a mismatched base pair. Examine the structure of an AP site. H₂N HN N O™ -O-P-O-CH₂ Guanine H₂N N HN Select the chemical consequences that could contribute to DNA instability at AP sites. H H 1₂0/ H fewer hydrogen bonds between the unpaired pyrimidine base and water disruption of the base-stacking interactions decreased interaction between the mutated DNA strand and histones increased ability of the deoxyribose ring to open without the attachment of the purine base H H Guanosine residue (in DNA) O™ -O-P-O-CH₂ O H H H O Apurinic residue H OH H

Each group will be provided with 20 g double-stranded DNA oligomer in STE buffer (0.1M NaCl/ Tris/ 10 mM EDTA, pH 7.4). The sequence of one strand of the oligomer is: 5’-AATGGTACGTATACTTTAT-3’ - show a table of % denaturation of DNA at different temperatures, using the equation provided in “Calculation” - plot a graph of % denaturation of DNA vs different temperatures with clear label and title, and hence determine the experimental Tm of the DNA sample - calculate the theoretical Tm of the sample using Marmur and Doty equation, compare the experimental Tm with theoretical Tm of the DNA sample

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 13P

Summary Introduction

To determine: The effect of the relative amount of GC for AT on the heat required for denaturation.

Introduction: Denaturation is the process in which the double helix structure of the DNA is melted to produce two single strands of DNA. The denaturation involves the breaking of hydrogen bonds formed between the bases in the duplex.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The effect of length of DNA double helix in base pairs on the amount of heat required to denature it.

Introduction: The melting temperature of nucleic acid is a temperature at which the half strand of the DNA is single-stranded. The melting temperature depends on the length of the DNA and its nucleotide sequences.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 13P

Summary Introduction

To determine: The effect of the relative amount of GC for AT on the heat required for denaturation.

Introduction: Denaturation is the process in which the double helix structure of the DNA is melted to produce two single strands of DNA. The denaturation involves the breaking of hydrogen bonds formed between the bases in the duplex.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The effect of length of DNA double helix in base pairs on the amount of heat required to denature it.

Introduction: The melting temperature of nucleic acid is a temperature at which the half strand of the DNA is single-stranded. The melting temperature depends on the length of the DNA and its nucleotide sequences.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 13P

Summary Introduction

To determine: The effect of the relative amount of GC for AT on the heat required for denaturation.

Introduction: Denaturation is the process in which the double helix structure of the DNA is melted to produce two single strands of DNA. The denaturation involves the breaking of hydrogen bonds formed between the bases in the duplex.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The effect of length of DNA double helix in base pairs on the amount of heat required to denature it.

Introduction: The melting temperature of nucleic acid is a temperature at which the half strand of the DNA is single-stranded. The melting temperature depends on the length of the DNA and its nucleotide sequences.

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Answer 5

Chapter 1, Problem 13P

Summary Introduction

To determine: The effect of the relative amount of GC for AT on the heat required for denaturation.

Introduction: Denaturation is the process in which the double helix structure of the DNA is melted to produce two single strands of DNA. The denaturation involves the breaking of hydrogen bonds formed between the bases in the duplex.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The effect of length of DNA double helix in base pairs on the amount of heat required to denature it.

Introduction: The melting temperature of nucleic acid is a temperature at which the half strand of the DNA is single-stranded. The melting temperature depends on the length of the DNA and its nucleotide sequences.

Answer 6

Chapter 1, Problem 13P

Summary Introduction

To determine: The effect of the relative amount of GC for AT on the heat required for denaturation.

Introduction: Denaturation is the process in which the double helix structure of the DNA is melted to produce two single strands of DNA. The denaturation involves the breaking of hydrogen bonds formed between the bases in the duplex.

Answer 7

Chapter 1, Problem 13P

Summary Introduction

To determine: The effect of the relative amount of GC for AT on the heat required for denaturation.

Introduction: Denaturation is the process in which the double helix structure of the DNA is melted to produce two single strands of DNA. The denaturation involves the breaking of hydrogen bonds formed between the bases in the duplex.

Answer 8

Summary Introduction

To determine: The effect of length of DNA double helix in base pairs on the amount of heat required to denature it.

Introduction: The melting temperature of nucleic acid is a temperature at which the half strand of the DNA is single-stranded. The melting temperature depends on the length of the DNA and its nucleotide sequences.

Answer 9

Summary Introduction

To determine: The effect of length of DNA double helix in base pairs on the amount of heat required to denature it.

Introduction: The melting temperature of nucleic acid is a temperature at which the half strand of the DNA is single-stranded. The melting temperature depends on the length of the DNA and its nucleotide sequences.

Answer 10

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 1 - Prob. 1P Ch. 1 - Prob. 2P Ch. 1 - Prob. 4P Ch. 1 - Prob. 5P Ch. 1 - Prob. 6P Ch. 1 - Prob. 7P Ch. 1 - Prob. 9P Ch. 1 - Prob. 10P Ch. 1 - Prob. 11P Ch. 1 - Prob. 12P

Solution Summary: The author explains the process of denaturation, which involves the breaking of hydrogen bonds formed between the bases in the duplex. The melting temperature depends on the length of the DNA and its nucleotide sequences.

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