zed in a Varlếty of Peactiðns in the cell. Research đescribe two specific Peactions that IP. of them must be a process involving transport across membranes. The second must be a process involving metabolism, and utilizing an enzyme (name the enzyme). Explain how ATP is used and why it is needed in the two processes described.

Energy is stored long-term in the bonds of _____ and used short-term to perform work from a(n)_____molecule. a. ATP : glucose b. an anabolic molecule : catabolic molecule c. glucose: ATP d. a catabolic molecule : anabolic molecule

Using the answer code on the right, indicate which form of energy production is being described: 1. takes place in the mitochondrial matrix 2. produces H2O as a by-product 3. results in a rich yield of ATP 4. takes place in the cytosol 5. processes acetyl-CoA 6. takes place in the mitochondrial innermembrane cristae 7. converts glucose into two pyruvate molecules 8. uses molecular oxygen 9. accomplished by the electron transport system and ATP synthase (a) glycolysis (b) citric acid cycle (c) oxidative phosphorylation

Figure 4.15 Cyanide inhibits cytochrome c oxidase, a component of the electron transport chain. If cyanide poisoning occurs, would you expect the pH of the intermembrane space to increase or decrease? What affect would cyanide have on ATP synthesis? Figure 4.15 (a) The electron transport chain is a set of molecules that supports a series of oxidation-reduction reactions. (b) ATP synthase is a complex, molecular machine that uses an H+ gradient to regenerate ATP from ADP. (c) Chemiosmosis relies on the potential energy provided by the H+ gradient across the membrane.