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Name: During translation, each tRNA molecule must be activated in order to
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Description: During translation, each tRNA molecule must be activated in order to bind to the correct amino acid and this process requires thehydrolysis of GTP.Select one:O TrueO False

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During translation, each tRNA molecule must be activated in order to bind to the correct amino acid and this process requires the hydrolysis of GTP. Select one: O True O False

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter10: From Proteins To Phenotypes

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 20QP: If an extra nucleotide is inserted in the first exon of the beta globin gene, what effect will it...

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The relaxation of base-paring rules between the TRNA and MRNA is termed as Answer:
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Which of the following cannot be said regarding aminoacyl tRNA synthetase? It is essential for the correct reading of codons. A single tRNA synthetase can attach different amino acids to their corresponding tRNA. It is first activated when it catalyzes a reaction between ATP and an amino acid to form an aminoacyladenylic acid (amino acyl-AMP). It is responsible for the attachment of the correct amino acid to the correct tRNA. There is a different tRNA synthetase for each amino acid that will be attached to a tRNA.
The synthesis of a protein requires that the amino acids that constitute the growing polypeptide chain be covalently linked to the amino acid attached to the tRNA at the aminoacyl site of the ribosome. Which of the following catalyses this reaction? Options: the aminoacyl tRNA synthetase eEF2 eEF1-GTP a large ribosomal RNA the initiator tRNA met
The genetic code was solved partly by the use of in vitro systems to translate synthetic RNAs into peptides. In these systems, ribosomes, amino acids, and buffers that support translation are added and there is no control of where translation begins. AAA = Lys; AUA = Ile; AAU = Asn; UAA = stop. What peptides would NOT be produced in an in vitro system if the following oligonucleotide were added: AAAAAAAAAUAAAAAAAA Select one: a) Lys-Lys-Lys-Lys-Lys-Lys-Lys-Lys b) Lys-Lys-Ile-Lys-Lys c) Lys-Lys-Asn-Lys-Lys
Many blood clotting proteins undergo a post-translational modification in which specific glutamic acid residues (Glu) in the protein are converted to gamma-carboxyglutamic acid residues (Gla). See reaction scheme below. An example is the blood clotting protein Factor IX, which has 12 Glu in its N-terminus converted to Gla. This modification gives Factor IX the ability to bind calcium and phospholipid membranes. Bacteria do not have the enzyme required to convert Glu to Gla and therefore Factor IX proteins expressed in bacteria would not have the proper modifications. How might you engineer the translational apparatus of a bacterial cell line so that it produces Factor IX with Gla in the appropriate positions. How would you ensure that only the 12 Glu in Factor IX that are normally converted to Gla and not just all Glu (Limit 5-6 senetnces)?
The covalent attachment of an amino acid to a tRNA is an endergonic reaction. In other words, it requires an input of energy for the reaction to proceed. Where does the energy come from to attach amino acids to tRNA molecules?
TRNAS are 'charged' or activated by aminoacyl TRNA synthetases. Select the correct statements regarding this process. The process is dependent on interactions between ribosomes and aminoacyl TRNA synthetases. The aminoacid is added to the D-loop of the tRNA. Aminoacyl TRNA synthetases are pre-associated with tRNAS. The amino acid is attached to the terminal to the 3' hydroxyl of an adenine in the acceptor arm. The process requires an aminoacyl-adenylate intermadiate. QUESTION 19 Select the correct statements regarding myosin-mediated contraction the sarcomere. O Ca2+ is required for the binding of myosin to f-actin. Myosin and f-actin are randomly distributed in the sarcomere. Physical pulling of the actin microfilament requires three distinct conformation changes on myosin that involve ATP binding, ATP hydrolysis and sequential release of inorganic phosphate and ADP. Myosin-mediated contracted is ubiquitous across all cell types. O O O O
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Please describe the four-step process of the elongation during protein translation in bacteria.
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