3. Despite your chaotic nature, you various types of RNA species (molecules) following their injection into a nucleus of a eukaryotic cell. In the table below, each of the listed RNA species was fluorescently tagged and then individually injected into the nucleus. For each species, indicate where it will localize or migrate, as well as what you expect to observe when the sample is viewed under a fluorescence microscope. RNA species a. pre mRNA b. pre rRNA c. mRNA d. rRNA e. tRNA Localization and/or migration Observations

1. What is the nucleotide sequence of the complementary strand of the DNA molecule: 5’-AATGCGATCTTCAT-3’?2. What is the nucleotide sequence of the mRNA transcribed from the template DNA strand: 3’-GCTACAAAAAGTCCATAATCGC-5’? Indicate the 5’ and 3’ ends.3. If the mRNA sequence you obtained in question 2 were to be translated, what would be the sequence of amino acids? Indicate the N-terminal and C-terminal amino acids.

6. Similar to the class notes (Intro to Genetics), a segment of DNA (shown below) contains a promoter segment (the first 9 base pairs), a ribosome binding segment (the next 6 base pairs), and a segment that codes for protein synthesis which is started by the rest of the base pairs. ACTCCATTGAACCATTTCTATGATCCGCTAACG-... TGAGGTAACTTGGTAAAGATACTAGGCGATTGC-... A. When the DNA is induced to be copied to mRNA, the top strand is coding, meaning that the mRNA makes an identical copy of the lower strand (replacing T with U) The mRNA copy starts with the ribosome binding sequence. What is the sequence of the mRNA that will go to the ribosomes? B. What are the first 6 amino acids of the protein that are coded for by the mRNA? C. What would the amino acid sequence be if... i. a transition mutation occurred on the final G in the mRNA? ii. all of the G & C bases in the protein synthesis portion had transition mutations? iii. a point deletion mutation occurred in the ATA sequence (in the lower strand…

Number 10) Please put the following steps of eukaryotic protein synthesis in order from first (1) to last (4) _ 5' cap    _ translocation out of nucleus                                                             _ splicing                                                                        _ primary mRNA

1. For each of the items below, give a brief description (indicate function for enzymes) and indicate in which process (replication, transcription, or translation) it is involved with. helicase Description/Funetion catalyzes the unwinding of DNA strands Process involved in replication 11. terminator 12. ribosome 13. amino-acyl RNA site 14. MRNA 15. tRNA 16. rRNA 17. Shine-Dalgarno sequence 18. start codon 19. Okazaki fragments 20. coding strand 21. peptidyl tRNA site

The following image depicts a short stretch of sequence associated with a gene. Which of the following is true?

please do the recent ones first

1. Draw a line representing mRNA that has already been processes (introns removed, cap and tail added). Label the 5' cap on left end and polyA tail. 2. An inch from the left add the start codon (AUG). 3. An inch from the right add one of the three stop codons. 4. Label the 5' UTR and 3' UTR (untranslated regions). 5. In the middle of your mRNA, draw two ovals representing the large and small subunits of the ribosome bound to the mRNA. Make these large enough that you can add the details below. In between the two subunits indicate the ribosomal A, P and E sites in the correct place. Put an arrow on top of ribosome to show direction of translation 6. Draw at least 3 tRNA on your picture in the correct locations: an empty one (no amino acid) exiting the ribosome, a charged tRNA with a small circle on the 3' end to indicate an amino acid, and a tRNA with several small circle representing amino acids in a chain (polypeptide). 7. Indicate the amino end of polypeptide with an “N”. (Remember…

Is there a difference between a DNA library and a CDNA library? No, the DNA library contains all the DNA in a organism. Yes, a DNA library contains all the DNA of an organism whereas a CDNA just contains the MRNA in DNA form.