Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 15, Problem 2VCQ
Figure 15.13 Errors in splicing are implicated in cancers and other human diseases. What kinds of mutations might lead to splicing errors? Think of different possible outcomes if splicing errors occur.
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Chapter 15 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 15 - Figure 15.11 A scientist splices a eukaryotic...Ch. 15 - Figure 15.13 Errors in splicing are implicated in...Ch. 15 - Figure 15.16 Many antibiotics inhibit bacterial...Ch. 15 - The AUC and AUA codons in mRNA both specify...Ch. 15 - How many nucleotides are in 12 mRNA codons? 12 24...Ch. 15 - Which event contradicts the central dogma of...Ch. 15 - Which subunit of the E. coli polymerase confers...Ch. 15 - The -10 and -35 regions of prokaryotic promoters...Ch. 15 - Three different bacteria species have the...Ch. 15 - Which feature of promoters can be found in both...
Ch. 15 - What transcripts will be most affected by low...Ch. 15 - How do enhancers and promoters differ? Enhancers...Ch. 15 - Which pre-mRNA processing step is important for...Ch. 15 - What processing step enhances the stability of...Ch. 15 - A scientist identifies a pre-mRNA with the...Ch. 15 - The RNA components of ribosomes are synthesized in...Ch. 15 - In any given species, there are at least how many...Ch. 15 - A scientist introduces a mutation that makes the...Ch. 15 - Imagine if there were 200 commonly occurring amino...Ch. 15 - Discuss how degeneracy of the genetic code makes...Ch. 15 - A scientist sequencing itiRNA identifies the...Ch. 15 - If mRNA is complementary to the DNA template...Ch. 15 - In your own words, describe the difference between...Ch. 15 - A fragment of bacterial DNA reads: 3’...Ch. 15 - A scientist observes that a cell has an RNA...Ch. 15 - Chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients often harbor...Ch. 15 - Transcribe and translate the following DNA...Ch. 15 - Explain how single nucleotide changes can have...Ch. 15 - A normal mRNA that reads 5’ -...
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- IS. Alternative splicing has been estimated to occur in more than 95% of multi-exon genes. Which of the following is not an evolutionary advantage of alternative splicing? Alternative splicing increases diversity without increasing genome size Different gene isoforms can be expressed in different tissues Alternative splicing creates shorter mRNA transcripts Different gene isoforms can be expressed during different stages of development.arrow_forwardWhich of the following would not be the consequence of alternative splicing? Two genes to express the same transcript isoform the same gene to express the isoforms with different 5' untranslated region O The same gene to express isoforms with different coding regionarrow_forwardWhich of the following is likely associated with the mRNA processing step of alternative splicing? 1. A gene is discovered to encode for two different proteins one protein has 46 amino acids and the other protein has 86 amino acid 2. A gene has 7 exons. one processed mRNA transcript from this gene contains exons 3, 4, 6 and 7. a second process mRNA transcript from this gene contains exons 2, 3, 5, and 7 3. The open reading frame of a gene contains 90 nucleotides but the translated polypeptide contains only 29 amino acids 4. Complexity of the transcrptome ( # of different mRNA molecules) increasesarrow_forward
- Which of the following about the splicing in posttranscriptional processing is NOT true? a. In bacterial, the genes coding for polypeptides are interrupted by non-coding regions. O b. O C. O d. Introns in eukaryotic hnRNA must be cut out before mature mRNA can be used for protein synthesis. Alternate splicing can lead to tissue-specific proteins. Splicing can lead to multi-domain proteins.arrow_forwardName three different types of loss of function mutations and in each case explain how the mutation exerts a loss of function effect on a genearrow_forwardHow is it possible that alternative splicing can effectively increase the number of genes in the genome?arrow_forward
- Explain how each of the following processes complicates the concept of colinearity. Q. Trans-splicingarrow_forwardList three types of alternative splicing patterns and how they lead to the production of different protein isoforms.arrow_forwardThree similar proteins are expressed in human tissues: HHT1 is expressed in the liver, HHT2 is expressed in the pancreas, and HHT3 is expressed in the heart. You are given the task of investigating how these 3 similar proteins are produced. After investigation, you conclude that: all answers are correct it is possible that HHT1 and 3 are produced via alternative splicing, and HHT2 is encoded by a different gene it is possible that all 3 proteins are encoded by the same gene and produced via alternative splicing it is possible that each of these proteins are encoded by different genes (3 different genes)arrow_forward
- Which mechanisms for regulating gene expression may be applied for the treatment of such diseases? Propose a method of treatment. Explain how it might work. Reference: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/ar3317arrow_forwardAlbinism is a condition where individuals can't make melanin pigment. The affected gene encodes for tyrosine aminotransferase, a key enzyme in melanin production. If you analyze the DNA of an albino individual, of the following mutations, which one is the least likely mutation responsible for the albino phenotype? A. A substitution of A to G at 3' splicing site. B. A deletion in the TATA box region. C. An insertion after the start codon. D. An extra stretch of TTAATT in intron 1.arrow_forwardAfter further investigation, you discovered that HHT1 and HHT2 are produced via alternative splicing. HHT1 is expressed in the liver, and HHT2 is expressed in the pancreas. Regarding the regulation of their expression, you conclude: all answers are possible the regulation occurs at the epigenetic level the regulation occurs at the transcriptional level the regulation occurs at the level of splicingarrow_forward
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