College Physics
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168000
Author: Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Chapter 9, Problem 27PE
Two muscles in the back of the leg pull on the Achilles tendon as shown in Figure 9.37. What total force do they exert?
Figure 9.37 The Achilles tendon of the posterior leg serves to attach plantaris, gastrocnemius, and soleus muscles to calcaneus bone.
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A person places his hand palm downward
on a scale and pushes down on the scale
until it reads 96.0 N. The triceps muscle is
responsible for this arm extension force.
Find the force exerted by the triceps
muscle. The bottom of the triceps muscle
is 2.50 cm to the left of the elbow joint,
and the palm is pushing at approximately
29.0 cm to the right of the elbow joint.
P
96.0 N
2.50 cm and Q = 29.0 cm.
where P =
Triceps
14-
101
2.4 cm
Muscles can only contract, so they occur in pairs. In the arm, the biceps muscle is a flexor-that is, it
closes the limb. The triceps muscle is an extensor that opens the limb. This configuration is typical of
skeletal muscles, bones, and joints in humans and other vertebrates. Most skeletal muscles exert
much larger forces within the body than the limbs apply to the outside world. Imagine that a person
is pushing down on a tabletop with their hand as shown in the figure. If the person applies a
downward force of 70 N with their hand (thats about 16 lbs of force) what force does the triceps
tendon exert on the lower arm? The unknown force is indicated by the red arrow in the figure. Ignore
the weight of the arm in your calculation.
O 5.6 N
70 N
280 N
875 N
30 cm
945 N
When you bend your knee, the quadriceps muscle is stretched. This increases the tension in the quadriceps tendon attached to your kneecap (patella), which, in turn, increases the tension in the patella tendon that attaches your kneecap to your lower leg bone (tibia). Simultaneously, the end of your upper leg bone (femur) pushes outward on the patella. Shown is how these parts of a knee joint are arranged. What size force does the femur exert on the kneecap if the tendons are oriented as in the figure and the tension in each tendon is 60 N?
Chapter 9 Solutions
College Physics
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