Microbiology: An Introduction (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605180
Author: Gerard J. Tortora, Berdell R. Funke, Christine L. Case, Derek Weber, Warner Bair
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 9, Problem 10R
Summary Introduction
To review:
The virus family normally associated with AIDS, which may be useful for gene therapy.
Introduction:
In recombinant DNA technology, genes which confer an interested
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SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes CoVid-19, belongs to the Coronaviridae family. Viruses under this family have a genome made of single-stranded positive-sense RNA. Is this similar to the viral genome of HIV? If so, do you think that – in theory – they would have similar replication cycles?
Do you think that ART combinations/options might help in suppressing the viral replication of SARS-CoV-2? Expound.
Answer the following
1.Are viruses living or non-living organisms?
2. What is the difference between HIV and AIDS?
3. HIV is classified as a retrovirus. What are retroviruses?
4. In your own words, provide a short summary of the HIV replication cycle.
5. Why is reverse transcriptase an important enzyme in the replication cycle of HIV?
6. In the chapter about enzymes, we have discussed how drugs are basically inhibitors. There are currently a multitude of Antiretroviral therapy (ART or ARV) options available to people living with HIV (PLHIV) so that the viral replication is suppressed and does not progress to AIDS. What do you think these drugs target? Discuss briefly.
7. SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes CoVid-19, belongs to the Coronaviridae family. Viruses under this family have a genome made of single-stranded positive-sense RNA. Is this similar to the viral genome of HIV? If so, do you think that – in theory – they would have similar replication cycles?
8. In your own opinion, do…
Many viruses have the ability to resurrect dead cells. Why would investigating this feature of viruses be relevant
Chapter 9 Solutions
Microbiology: An Introduction (13th Edition)
Ch. 9 - Compare and contrast the following terms: a. cDNA...Ch. 9 - Differentiate the following terms. Which one is...Ch. 9 - Some commonly used restriction enzymes are listed...Ch. 9 - Suppose you want multiple copies of a gene you...Ch. 9 - Which enzyme makes the smallest fragment...Ch. 9 - Describe a recombinant DNA experiment in two or...Ch. 9 - List at least two examples of the use of rDNA in...Ch. 9 - You are attempting to insert a gene for saltwater...Ch. 9 - How does RNAi silence a gene?Ch. 9 - Prob. 10R
Ch. 9 - Restriction enzymes were first discovered with the...Ch. 9 - The DNA probe, 3-GGCTTA, will hybridize with which...Ch. 9 - Which of the following is the fourth basic step to...Ch. 9 - The following enzymes are used to make cDNA. What...Ch. 9 - If you put a gene in a virus, the next step in...Ch. 9 - You have a small gene that you want replicated by...Ch. 9 - Pieces of human DNA stored in yeast cells. a....Ch. 9 - A population of cells carrying a desired plasmid....Ch. 9 - Self-replicating DNA for transmitting a gene from...Ch. 9 - A gene that hybridizes with mRNA. a. antisense b....Ch. 9 - Design an experiment using vaccinia virus to make...Ch. 9 - Why did the use of DNA polymerase from the...Ch. 9 - The following picture shows bacterial colonies...Ch. 9 - Prob. 1CAECh. 9 - Using the restriction enzyme ECORI, the following...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which of the following is NOT true about the current coronavirus global pandemic (COVID- 19)? O Laboratory diagnosis of infection is based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of patient samples for RNA from the causative virus Nucleic acid vaccines to prevent COVID- 19 (and/or its most severe forms) are authorized for use in the US Caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Person-to-person transmission can occur through respiratory secretions (droplets and/or aerosols) None of the other four answers (All are true about COVID-19arrow_forwardThe diagram below shows the Covid-19 virus with its spike protein. It also shows the area on the spike protein which binds to the ACE2 receptor (receptor binding domain). Corona Virus Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) Spike Protein In order to get into a cell, the Covid-19 virus needs to bind to the ACE2 receptor. Once bound it is brought into the cell. These receptors are found on cells making up various tissues (oral and nasal mucosa, nasopharynx, lung, stomach, small intestine, colon, skin, lymph nodes, thymus, bone marrow, spleen, liver, kidney, and brain). The symptoms for Covid-19 are linked to the tissue cells the virus infects. To the right is a diagram showing the biding of the spike protein to the ACE2 receptor. SARS-COV-2 Spike (S) Host Cell ACE2 acerarrow_forwardClass V viruses carry their own polymerases within their viral particles: why is this necessary?arrow_forward
- The herpes virus is a very large family of viruses which can cause human infections. There are many varioustypes which can cause different types of effects. Please discuss how you would determine which type of virus is causing the infection. Make sure to include 2-3 examples and how this will help differentiate between each.arrow_forwardViruses capable of directly use translation are considered to be: dsRNA Negative ssRNA Positive ssRNA Retrovirusesarrow_forwardThe term _________________________________ means pertaining to a virus. viral virilearrow_forward
- Discuss how recombinant DNA technology could be used to develop a diagnostic method for the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV2 (ssRNA genome) currently causing the COVID-19 pandemic.arrow_forwardThis is for my micro biology class. 3.Describe a Therapeutic Target in the life cycle of an RNA virus.arrow_forwardCan i get a help answering this question: The case study tells you that the HIV virus exits the cell by budding, but how can you tell that just based on the structure of the HIV virus? (see attached for the case study)arrow_forward
- answer doesn't have to be long i just need an explanation, thank you! The whole world right now is concerned (or they should be) about the appearance of new variants of SARS-CoV-2. Among other things, these variant viruses have mutations that change the amino acid sequence of the spike protein on the virus surface. While this is concerning, I would like to propose that there is a limit to how far these mutations can change the spike protein. Why can't there be an endless number of new mutations of this viral protein? How would these amino acid changes affect how the virus works?arrow_forwardDuring infection of a cell by Coronavirus, the N protein is: found on the outer surface of the virus particles synthesized on bound ribosomes on the rough ER synthesized in the cytosol on free ribosomes part of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase required for binding of the virus particle to cellsarrow_forwardPlease describe each step mentioned in the figure below illustrating retroviral transfer of DNA into mammalian cells. (Please do not copy and paste from the powerpoint). infecting virus (virion) cel DNA provirus LTR LTR NUCLEUS viral RNA CYTOPLASM core virus particle R- R SSRNA 3b LTR LTR DNAarrow_forward
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