Concept explainers
To describe:
A way in which recombinant
Introduction:
Mutated gene is caused due to substitution of a normal
Gene therapy involves the recombinant DNA procedure, which seeks to cure genetic diseases by inserting, deleting, or altering the genes in a patient’s cells. Gene therapies include “fixing” a defective allele, inactivating an allele that increase disease susceptibility, or adding a functional allele to substitute for a defective one. Almost all gene therapies are still in the experimental stage or in the clinical trials.
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Microbiology With Diseases By Taxonomy (6th Edition)
- Explain how DNA technology can be used to treat geneticdiseases.arrow_forwardConstruct a table, concept map, or picture to summarize how base analogues, DNA-modifying agents, and intercalating agents cause mutationsarrow_forwardAnswer all of the following questions a) Define the following terms: biotechnology, Plasmid,Genetic engineering and Transformation b) List two types of medical products that can be produced using DNA tech- nology c) Relate bioethics to the continued development of genetic engineering techniques. d) Describe two major goals of the Human Genome Project. e) Distinguish between proteomics and genomics. f) Outline the different applications of biotechnology g) List some techniques of genetic engineering. h) Delineate the transgenic organisms and their significance. i) Explain the procedure for the following PCR, Gel electrophpresis and Gene therapy j) Describe human genome project and its main goals. k) Discuss the drastic environmental impacts of oil spills and how the mi- crobes like bacteria can help mitigate the problem. l) Give an account of significance of transgenic organisms in food industry. m) Describe the uses of DNA finger printing. n) What is gene cloning? o) Elaborately…arrow_forward
- Explain how recombinant DNA technology uses restriction enzymes (restriction endonucleases). Explain how recombinant DNA technology uses DNA ligase enzymes.arrow_forwardBriefly explain about computer-automated high-throughput DNA sequencing ?arrow_forwardHow can site-specific recombination be used in recombinant DNA technology? Explain with an examplearrow_forward
- b) Describe how DNA is digested by different restriction enzymes c) Describe how gel electrophoresis is used to estimate the size of DNA fragments.arrow_forwardExplain why PCR results in the amplification of a specific DNA sequence despite many competing sequencesarrow_forwardPractical applications of recombinant DNA technology include the: 1. Efficient production of useful proteins and development of a new type of vaccines 2. Creation of novel genotypes for the synthesis of economically important molecules. 3. Generation of DNA and RNA sequences for use in medical diagnosis. 4. all of the above WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING TECHNIQUE IS NOT USED TO MANIPULATE THE GENOME 1. siRNA 2. ZF (zinc finger) 3. TALE (transcription activator light effector) 4. CRISPR COMMON DISEASE- COMMON VARIANT HYPOTHESIS STATES THAT 1. common disorders are likely influences by genetic variation that is also common in the population 2. if an SNP produced a deleterious mutation and changes amino acid sequence in 40% of individuals- it will produce disease phenotype in 40% individual 3. A SNP produce little change in gene expression- it will produce slight increase in risk/ manifestation of disease phenotype 4. all of the above WHAT IS TRUE REGARDING GENE ORGANIZATION IN THE NUCLEUS…arrow_forward
- A patient is diagnosed with lung cancer using imaging. To establish the best treatment option, doctors ask to profile the gene expression of the tumor, using a biopsy and microarray analysis. Describe the steps involved in the analysis in detail. The analysis reveals that a new gene therapy could be beneficial to the patient. Explain briefly how gene therapy could be used to cure cancer and detail how the treatment can be formulated for delivery to the patient. To prepare DNA for the gene therapy formulation, it is often important to measure the size of the molecule. Explain how this measurement can be done using agarose gel electrophoresis, taking care to detail the property of the DNA molecule at the basis of the technique. To generate large amounts of DNA to manufacture gene therapy payloads or to be able to see them on gel electrophoresis, specific sequences can be amplified by PCR. For a sequence of a 100 base pairs, calculate the number cycles of PCR required to generate 1 ng of…arrow_forwardExplain why exome sequencing can be almost as valuable as genome sequencing. (Explain in your own words)arrow_forwardHerbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen pioneered the technique of DNA cloning allowing genes to be transferred from another biological species easily. Their work also gave rise to the development of different recombinant proteins with therapeutic applications like insulin and growth hormone. The former was cloned using Escherichia coli. coli in 1978. With this breakthrough, the first licensed drug produced using recombinant DNAtechnology was human insulin, developed by Genentech, licensed and marketed by Eli Lilly in 1982. Scientists were able to identify and isolate the gene fragment or the gene of interest, in this case, the gene that is responsible for producing insulin. Moreover, they were able to isolate the bacterial DNA of E. coli. The plasmid and DNA fragment were cut using a restriction enzyme. This DNA fragment was inserted into the plasmid using a DNA ligase. When the DNA fragment was then placed into the bacterial DNA, it was then introduced to the host cell (E. coli) and was then…arrow_forward
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