Biology: Concepts and Investigations
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260259049
Author: Hoefnagels
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 7, Problem 8MCQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
A gene is segment of DNA which consists of both coding and non-coding regions. The coding regions are called exons and non-coding regions are called introns. Splicing is a process which involves the removal of introns from the
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Even when a gene is available and its sequence of nucleotides is known, chemical studies of the protein are still required to determine:
a. molecular weight of the unmodified protein.
b. the amino-terminal amino acid.
c. the location of disulfide bonds.
d. the number of amino acids in the protein.
e. whether the protein has the amino acid methionine in its sequence.
1a) Why is it possible for you to study the eye colour gene by extracting cheek cells?
a. Because the nucleus of every cell in the human body contains the same genetic information.
b. Because the cheek cells are located near the cells of the eye and so they are able to exchange DNA.
c. Because all genes in the human body are expressed at all times so it is easy to study them.
d. All of the above are possible explanations.
1b) What is the purpose of heating the sample to 75°C following addition of the 0.2M NaOH solution?
a. To denature the histone proteins that are keeping the DNA tightly coiled.
b. To ensure that all the DNA is removed from the swab in preparation for PCR.
c. To breakdown the cheek cell membrane to release the DNA from the cell.
d. It breaks down the circular DNA down into linear fragments so that they will be easier to visualize.i
A geneticist induces a mutation in eukaryote cells. The mutation results in an inability to form the poly(A) tail during processing of pre-mRNA. What does this mean for the mature mRNA and what will be the effect on these cells?
Possible Answers:
A. The mRNA will be spliced, but will not have a 5' cap.
B. The mRNA will likely be degraded.
C. The mRNA will not be cleaved.
D. The mRNA will have too many Gs and Cs.
Chapter 7 Solutions
Biology: Concepts and Investigations
Ch. 7.1 - How did Griffiths research, coupled with the work...Ch. 7.1 - How did the Hershey-Chase blender experiments...Ch. 7.2 - What are the components of DNA and its...Ch. 7.2 - What evidence enabled Watson and Crick to decipher...Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 3MCCh. 7.3 - What is the relationship between a gene and a...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 2MCCh. 7.3 - What are the three types of RNA, and how does each...Ch. 7.4 - What happens during each stage of transcription?Ch. 7.4 - Where in the cell does transcription occur?
Ch. 7.4 - What is the role of RNA polymerase in...Ch. 7.4 - What are the roles of the promoter and terminator...Ch. 7.4 - How is mRNA modified before it leaves the nucleus...Ch. 7.5 - How did researchers determine that the genetic...Ch. 7.5 - What happens in each stage of translation?Ch. 7.5 - Where in the cell does translation occur?Ch. 7.5 - How are polypeptides modified after translation?Ch. 7.6 - What are some reasons that cells regulate gene...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 2MCCh. 7.6 - Prob. 3MCCh. 7.6 - Prob. 4MCCh. 7.7 - What is a mutation?Ch. 7.7 - What are the types of mutations, and how does each...Ch. 7.7 - Prob. 3MCCh. 7.7 - Prob. 4MCCh. 7.7 - How are mutations important?Ch. 7.8 - What question about the FOXP2 gene were the...Ch. 7.8 - What insights could scientists gain by...Ch. 7 - A nucleotide is composed of all of the following...Ch. 7 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 7 - Transcription copies a _______ to a complementary...Ch. 7 - Choose the DNA sequence from which this mRNA...Ch. 7 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 7 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 7 - How does the lac operon regulate lactose digestion...Ch. 7 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 7 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 7 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 7 - Explain how Griffiths experiment and Avery,...Ch. 7 - Prob. 2WIOCh. 7 - Prob. 3WIOCh. 7 - Put the following in order from smallest to...Ch. 7 - Prob. 5WIOCh. 7 - List the three major types of RNA and their...Ch. 7 - Some people compare DNA to a blueprint stored in...Ch. 7 - Prob. 8WIOCh. 7 - Prob. 9WIOCh. 7 - If a protein is 1259 amino acids long, what is the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 11WIOCh. 7 - The roundworm C. elegans has 556 cells when it...Ch. 7 - A protein-encoding region of a gene has the...Ch. 7 - Explain how a mutation in a protein-encoding gene,...Ch. 7 - Refer to the figure to answer these questions: a....Ch. 7 - Describe the mutation shown in figure 7.27 and...Ch. 7 - Prob. 17WIOCh. 7 - Parkinson disease causes rigidity, tremors, and...Ch. 7 - Refer to figure 7.28 and the chapter con tent to...Ch. 7 - Prob. 2PITCh. 7 - Prob. 3PITCh. 7 - Prob. 4PIT
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- a. Which gene is mutated in individuals with sickle-cell anemia? b. What are the major symptoms of this disorder? c. What was the first published scientific description of sickle-cell anemia? d. Describe two other features of this disorder that you learned from the OMIM database and state where in the database you found this informationarrow_forwardA researcher has identified a mutant strain of yeast whose histones are unable to be acetylated. Which of the following is the MOST reasonable prediction for how the phenotype of this mutant yeast will differ from the phenotype of yeast cells with acetylated histones? A. The mutant will grow more rapidly. B. The mutant will grow much more slowly. C. The mutant will show decreased levels of gene expression. D. The mutant will show increased levels of gene expression.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about genes is incorrect? Select one: O a. During fertilization, both the sperm and the ovum contribute genes to the resulting fertilized egg. b. Genetic differences can result from changes in the DNA called mutations. O c. Genes correspond to segments of DNA. d. Under normal circumstances, each chromosome contains precisely one gene. e. Many genes contain the information needed for cells to synthesize enzymes and other proteins.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements about codons in prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells is correct? A. Prokaryotic codons are longer than eukaryotic codons. B. Eukaryotic codons are made of DNA, and prokaryotic codons are made of RNA. C. Prokaryotes do not have mRNA, so there are no codons. D. Codons are very similar, no matter whether the cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic.arrow_forwardAlbinism is a condition where individuals can't make melanin pigment. The affected gene encodes for tyrosine aminotransferase, a key enzyme in melanin production. If you analyze the DNA of an albino individual, of the following mutations, which one is the least likely mutation responsible for the albino phenotype? A. A substitution of A to G at 3' splicing site. B. A deletion in the TATA box region. C. An insertion after the start codon. D. An extra stretch of TTAATT in intron 1.arrow_forwardYou are studying a mutation in mice, which acts dominantly. Mice that have only one copy of the allele carrying this mutation have a kinky tail phenotype. You identify the gene that the mutation affects and find that the codon that encodes the second amino acid in the predicted protein has been mutated to a stop codon. Would you characterize this mutation as a loss-of-function or a gain-of-function and what specific subtype (hypermorphic, antimorphic, etc. ) within these categories? Explain your reasoning.”arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements about the differential expression of human genes is correct? A. Differential expression does not occur during embryogenesis (development of the embryo). B. The unused genes in differentiated cells no longer retain the potential to be expressed. C. Gene expression patterns of all cells are identical. D. Every cell nucleus contains the complete genome established in the fertilized egg.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements are accurate descriptions of the genetic code? MARK ALL THAT APPLY Select one or more: a. The genetic code is made up of triplet nucleotides that specify an amino acid. b. The genetic code is unambiguous because codons only specific a single amino acid. C. The genetic code is read in an overlapping manner. d. The genetic code is redundant because a single codon can specify more than one amino acid. e. Some amino acids are encoded by more than one codon. f. All codons of the genetic code specify amino acids.arrow_forwardMany aspects of gene function can be nicely explained with the one-gene-one-enzyme hypothesis, which states that a gene controls the production of an enzyme. Which of the following findings about gene expression, though, requires an expansion of this simple concept? Choose an answer below: Non-enzyme proteins are made from genes too. Some genes code for RNA molecules only. Enzymes composed of different polypeptides are coded for by more than one gene. a and c, but not b a, b, and carrow_forward
- How would each of the following types of mutations affect proteinfunction or the amount of functional protein that is expressed froma gene?A. Nonsense mutationB. Missense mutationC. Up promoter mutationD. Mutation that affects splicingarrow_forwardDifferential RNA splicing may result in: a. A shift in the ratio of mRNA produced from two neighboring genes b. Inversion of exons in the mature mRNA c. Production of the same protein from two different genes d. Production of two different proteins with different properties from a single genearrow_forwardIf a mutation deletes the promoter in a eukrayotic gene, which of the following most accurately describes its consequence? A. There will be no mRNA or polypeptide made. B. The mRNA will be made but no polypeptide is made. C. The mRNA will not be processed properly. D. Nothing will happen. It is a silent mutation.arrow_forward
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Mitochondrial mutations; Author: Useful Genetics;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GvgXe-3RJeU;License: CC-BY