Biology: Concepts and Investigations
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260259049
Author: Hoefnagels
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 7, Problem 4PIT
Summary Introduction
To explain:
Why a mutation in DNA sometimes causes protein function to change.
Concept Introduction:
Mutation is a sudden unpredictable change in the sequence of DNA. It causes alteration of DNA sequence. Mutation involves the substitution of DNA bases and deletion or insertion of DNA bases. It is also caused by mutagens such as exposure to certain chemicals and radiations.
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Describe the covalent structure of an amino acid. Then describe the 4 levels of protein folding. After a protein is folded, what are 2 post-translational modifications that can take place to impact protein function.
Determine the effect of the following mutations on the DNA sequence. In each case, the mutation is described
after the sequence.
Guanine nucleotide (G shown in red in the DNA sequence below) was substituted by C Write out the sequence
of the mutated DNA and the protein made from it. What is the effect of this mutation on the protein? (For
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3' TACATGGTTGTGCTAATT 5'
C
Determine the effect of the following mutations on the DNA sequence. In each case, the mutation is described after the sequence.
Guanine nucleotide (G shown in red in the DNA sequence below) was substituted by C Write out the sequence of the mutated DNA and the protein made from it. What is the effect of this mutation on the protein? (For example, how will the mutation affect the length and sequence of the protein? What about the function of the protein?)
Chapter 7 Solutions
Biology: Concepts and Investigations
Ch. 7.1 - How did Griffiths research, coupled with the work...Ch. 7.1 - How did the Hershey-Chase blender experiments...Ch. 7.2 - What are the components of DNA and its...Ch. 7.2 - What evidence enabled Watson and Crick to decipher...Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 3MCCh. 7.3 - What is the relationship between a gene and a...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 2MCCh. 7.3 - What are the three types of RNA, and how does each...Ch. 7.4 - What happens during each stage of transcription?Ch. 7.4 - Where in the cell does transcription occur?
Ch. 7.4 - What is the role of RNA polymerase in...Ch. 7.4 - What are the roles of the promoter and terminator...Ch. 7.4 - How is mRNA modified before it leaves the nucleus...Ch. 7.5 - How did researchers determine that the genetic...Ch. 7.5 - What happens in each stage of translation?Ch. 7.5 - Where in the cell does translation occur?Ch. 7.5 - How are polypeptides modified after translation?Ch. 7.6 - What are some reasons that cells regulate gene...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 2MCCh. 7.6 - Prob. 3MCCh. 7.6 - Prob. 4MCCh. 7.7 - What is a mutation?Ch. 7.7 - What are the types of mutations, and how does each...Ch. 7.7 - Prob. 3MCCh. 7.7 - Prob. 4MCCh. 7.7 - How are mutations important?Ch. 7.8 - What question about the FOXP2 gene were the...Ch. 7.8 - What insights could scientists gain by...Ch. 7 - A nucleotide is composed of all of the following...Ch. 7 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 7 - Transcription copies a _______ to a complementary...Ch. 7 - Choose the DNA sequence from which this mRNA...Ch. 7 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 7 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 7 - How does the lac operon regulate lactose digestion...Ch. 7 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 7 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 7 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 7 - Explain how Griffiths experiment and Avery,...Ch. 7 - Prob. 2WIOCh. 7 - Prob. 3WIOCh. 7 - Put the following in order from smallest to...Ch. 7 - Prob. 5WIOCh. 7 - List the three major types of RNA and their...Ch. 7 - Some people compare DNA to a blueprint stored in...Ch. 7 - Prob. 8WIOCh. 7 - Prob. 9WIOCh. 7 - If a protein is 1259 amino acids long, what is the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 11WIOCh. 7 - The roundworm C. elegans has 556 cells when it...Ch. 7 - A protein-encoding region of a gene has the...Ch. 7 - Explain how a mutation in a protein-encoding gene,...Ch. 7 - Refer to the figure to answer these questions: a....Ch. 7 - Describe the mutation shown in figure 7.27 and...Ch. 7 - Prob. 17WIOCh. 7 - Parkinson disease causes rigidity, tremors, and...Ch. 7 - Refer to figure 7.28 and the chapter con tent to...Ch. 7 - Prob. 2PITCh. 7 - Prob. 3PITCh. 7 - Prob. 4PIT
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- BIOCHEMISTRY Complete the series for DNA replication, transcription and translation by writing the complementary DNA strand, mRNA, tRNA and series of amino acid. Using the table given, write the hidden message on the space provided:arrow_forwardPlease use the following table to compare DNA, RNA and proten in terms of structures and functions.arrow_forwardA researcher identifies the nucleotide sequence AAC in a long strand of RNA inside a nucleus. In the genetic code, AAC codes for the amino acid asparagine. When that RNA becomes involved in protein synthesis, will asparagine necessarily appear in the protein? Use specific content to support your argument.arrow_forward
- Which functions below represent possible functions of a protein? Mark all that apply. A. storing hereditary information in the sequence of nucleotides B. functioning as enzymes to catalyze biochemical reactions C. functioning as structural components of cells D. forming a lipid bilayerarrow_forwardExplain the process of Transcription and Translation. List three antibiotics and explain how these antibiotics inhibit the protein synthesis.arrow_forwardWhich mutation would have a larger effect on the protein resulting from a gene: an insertion or deletion of one nucleotide in a DNA sequence or an insertion or deletion of three nucleotides in a DNA sequence? Explain your answer.arrow_forward
- Which sequence regarding protein synthesis is correct?a. translation → transcription → mRNA synthesisb. transcription → splicing of primary RNA transcript → translocation of mRNA → translationc. splicing of introns → transcription → mRNA synthesis translationd. transcription → translation → mRNA productione. tRNA enters nucleus → transcription begins → mRNA moves to cytoplasm → protein synthesis beginsarrow_forwardBriefly describe the function of the following in protein synthesis. a. rRNA b. tRNA c. mRNAarrow_forwardMatch the terms related to protein building.arrow_forward
- Create the RNA strand to be synthesized from the DNA double strand below and explain this synthesis, including the functions of the molecules responsible for synthesis. 5-ATCGCTTGTTCGGAA-3 3-TAGCGAACAAGCCTT-5arrow_forwardUse the figure to answer the question. 3' C 5' A C GU A U LA CAC GAG GUG A tRNAs , which are single-stranded, have what is described as a clover-leaf shape. What explanation below is responsible for maintaining this shape? hydrogen bonding between base pairs peptide bonding between amino acids covalent bonding between hydrogen atoms ionic bonding between phosphatesarrow_forwardIn a detailed diagram show and explain all the locations where RNA may regulate protein translation. Please answer in short and ASAParrow_forward
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