(a)
Interpretation:
The energy for the vaporization of
Concept Introduction:
Enthalpy
The value of heat formed in a reaction
If the value obtained for
From its given mass is,
(b)
Interpretation:
The energy released for the condensation of
Concept Introduction:
Enthalpy
The value of heat formed in a reaction
If the value obtained for
From its given mass is,
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Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
- Suppose a 500. mL flask is filled with 1.7 mol of H2O, 1.3 mol of CO2 and 0.30 mol of H2. This reaction becomes possible: CO(g) +H₂O(g) CO₂(g) + H2(g) Complete the table below, so that it lists the initial molarity of each compound, the change in molarity of each compound due to the reaction, and the equilibrium molarity of each compound after the reaction has come to equilibrium. Use x to stand for the unknown change in the molarity of H2O. You can leave out the M symbol for molarity. initial change equilibrium CO H₂O co₂ H, 号 0 0 0 0 ☐ ☐ ☐arrow_forwardThe value of delta g for the conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate (2PG) is +4.40 kJ/mol. If the concentration of 3-phosphoglycerate at equilibrium is 2.05 mM, what is the concentration of 2 phosphoglycerate? Assume the temperature of 250 celsiusarrow_forwardCalculate AG for the below balanced redox reaction as written. You may find a list of standard reduction potentials useful. 3 12 (s) + 2 Al (s) → 61 (aq) + 2 Al3+ (aq) O-4.24 x 102 kJ/mol O-6.48 x 102 kJ/mol O -2.12 x 102 kJ/mol O-1.27 x 103 kJ/mol O-6.37 x 102 kJ/molarrow_forward
- Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCS) have shown some promise as a viable option for providing "green" energy to small electrical devices. Calculate E° for the reaction that takes place in DMFCS: CH3OH(I) + 3/2 02(g) → CO2(g) + 2 H20(1) Use the following values. AG°H,0(1) = -237 kJ/mol AG°O2(g) = 0 kJ/mol AG°CO2(9) = -394 kJ/mol AG°CH3OH(I) = -166 kJ/mol. E° = Varrow_forwardConsider the following equilibrium at 298 K. R = 8.314 J/K-mol Citrate Isocitrate Using the equilibrium concentrations of [Citrate] = 2.15 M and [Isocitrate] = 0.00825 M, calculate K'g, then AG°. Which one of the following is the correct value for AG in units of kJ/mol? 5990 kJ/mol -2480 kJ/mol 2.48 kJ/mol 13.8 kJ/mol 5.99 kJ/mol -2.48 kJ/mol -5990 kJ/mol -9.99 kJ/mol -13800 kJ/mol 13800 kJ/mol -5.99 kJ/mol 9.99 kJ/mol 2480 kJ/mol 9990 kJ/mol -13.8 kJ/mol -9990 kJ/mol O O O O O O O O O O0000 O Oarrow_forwardCalculate ΔG for the reaction H2O(l) ⇆ H+(aq) + OH−(aq) at 25°C for the following conditions. [H+] = 3.1 M, [OH−] = 4.7 ×10−4 Marrow_forward
- The reaction CO (g) + H2O(g) CO2(g) 2 + H2(g) has ΔH = -41 kJ/mol. Does the amount of H2 in an equilibrium mixture increase or decrease when the temperature is decreased?arrow_forwardBenzene, C6H6, is an aromatic hydrocarbon that exists as a liquid at 298 K and 1 bar. The solubility of benzene in water, defined as the concentration of the saturated solution, is 2.23×10¬3 M at 298 K and 1 bar, and its standard Gibbs free energy of formation is AfG° (C6H6, ) = 124.3 kJ/mol. a. Calculate the standard Gibbs free energy change for the process of dissolution of benzene in water a. Find the chemical potential of the benzene solute standard state AFG° (C6H6, aq).arrow_forwardConsider the following reaction at 25°C with the ΔG°’ = +1800 J/mol for the forward reaction.The molar concentrations at the beginning of the reaction were [A] = 19 mM and [B] = 10 mM.After 1 hour, the concentrations were [A] = 16 mM and [B] = 13 mM. Calculate the ΔG of the reaction at the 1 hour timepoint. Please round to 1 decimal point.Gas constant = 8.315 J/mol Karrow_forward
- The reaction CO2(g) + H2O(l) ⇔ H+(aq) + HCO3-(aq) has ΔH° = -12.65 kJ mol-1 and ΔS° = -192.5 J mol-1 K-1. Calculate the equilibrium constant when the temperature is 4.00 °C. (R = 8.3145 J mol-1 K-1) Multiply your answer by 109 before entering it. (Hint: remember that when calculating ΔG°, all values must be for standard state.)arrow_forwardTriosephosphate isomerase catalyzes the conversion of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to dihydroxyacetone phosphate. This reaction has a Keq of 22.2. What is the standard free-energy change for this reaction? -7,680 kJ/mol -7.68 kJ/mol -3.34 kJ/mol -0.644 kJ/mol 7.68 kJ/molarrow_forwardA reaction of importance in the formation of smog is that between ozone and nitrogen monoxide described by 03(g) + NO(g) → O2(g) + NO2(g) The rate law for this reaction is rate of reaction = k[03][NO] Given that k = 2.71 × 106 M−¹.s¯¹ at a certain temperature, calculate the initial reaction rate when [03] and [NO] remain essentially constant at the values [03]0 = 5.56 × 10-6 M and [NO]o = 6.37 x 10-5 M, owing to continuous production from separate sources. initial reaction rate: Calculate the number of moles of NO2 (g) produced per hour per liter of air. NO2 produced: M.s-1 mol·h¹.L-1arrow_forward
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