Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134015187
Author: John E. McMurry, David S. Ballantine, Carl A. Hoeger, Virginia E. Peterson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 7, Problem 7.21UKC
Two curves are shown in the following energy diagram:
(a) Which curve represents the faster reaction, and which the slower?
(b) Which curve represents the spontaneous reaction, and which the nonspontaneous?
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The following questions are based on the reaction A+ B ↔ C+D shown in Figure 8.1.
1. Which of the following terms best describes the progress of the reaction with respect to free energy change?
a) endergonic, ∆G> 0
b) exergonic, ∆G> 0
c) exergonic, ∆G< 0
d) endergonic, ∆G< 0
2. Which of the following in Figure 8.1 remains unchanged by having an enzyme included?
a) b
b) d
c) a
d) c
3. The part labeled “C” on the above graph represents
a) Energy of activation without enzyme
b) Energy of activation with enzyme
c) Amount of free energy released
d) amount of energy required for the reaction progress
What do the following indicators tell you about whether a reaction can proceed as written? (a) The standard free-energy change is positive. (b) The free-energy change is positive. (c) The reaction is exergonic
What terms would best describe the above coupled reaction?A. it is non-spontaneous and endothermic (because the overall Go is positive)B. it is spontaneous and exothermic (because the overall Go is positive)C. it is non-spontaneous and exothermic (because the overall Go is positive)D. it is spontaneous and exothermic (because the overall Go is negative)E. it is non-spontaneous and endothermic (because the overall Go is negative)
Chapter 7 Solutions
Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
Ch. 7.1 - Classify each of the following as having potential...Ch. 7.2 - Based on bond energies, which atmospheric gas in...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 7.1CIAPCh. 7.3 - How many Calories (i.e., kilocalories) are in a...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 7.3PCh. 7.3 - Prob. 7.4PCh. 7.3 - Prob. 7.5PCh. 7.3 - Prob. 7.6PCh. 7.4 - Prob. 7.7PCh. 7.4 - Prob. 7.8KCP
Ch. 7.5 - The reaction between iron and oxygen to form rust...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 7.10PCh. 7.8 - Prob. 7.11PCh. 7.8 - Prob. 7.12PCh. 7.8 - Prob. 7.13PCh. 7.8 - The following diagrams represent two similar...Ch. 7.9 - Prob. 7.3CIAPCh. 7.9 - Prob. 7.4CIAPCh. 7.9 - Is the yield of SO3 at equilibrium favored by a...Ch. 7.9 - Prob. 7.16PCh. 7.9 - Prob. 7.17PCh. 7 - What are the signs of H, S, and G for the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.19UKCCh. 7 - Prob. 7.20UKCCh. 7 - Two curves are shown in the following energy...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.22UKCCh. 7 - Prob. 7.23APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.24APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.25APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.26APCh. 7 - Acetylene (H C C H) is the fuel used in welding...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.28APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.29APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.30APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.31APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.32APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.33APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.34APCh. 7 - Why are most spontaneous reactions exothermic?Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.36APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.37APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.38APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.39APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.40APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.41APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.42APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.43APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.44APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.45APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.46APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.47APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.48APCh. 7 - What is meant by the term chemical equilibrium?...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.50APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.51APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.52APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.53APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.54APCh. 7 - Use your answer from Problem 7.53 to calculate the...Ch. 7 - Use your answer from Problem 7.54 to calculate the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.57APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.58APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.59APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.60APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.61APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.62APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.63APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.64APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.65APCh. 7 - Prob. 7.66APCh. 7 - For the unbalanced combustion reaction shown, 1...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.68CPCh. 7 - Prob. 7.69CPCh. 7 - Prob. 7.70CPCh. 7 - Urea is a metabolic waste product that decomposes...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.72CPCh. 7 - Prob. 7.73CPCh. 7 - Methanol, CH3OH, is used as race car fuel. (a)...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.75CPCh. 7 - Prob. 7.76CPCh. 7 - Prob. 7.77CPCh. 7 - Prob. 7.78GPCh. 7 - Prob. 7.79GPCh. 7 - Prob. 7.80GP
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biochemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Consider the analogy of the jiggling box containing coins that was described on page 85. The reaction, the flipping of coins that either face heads up (h) or tails up (T), is described by the equation h ↔ T, where the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction.a. What are ΔG and ΔG° in this analogy? b. What corresponds to the temperature at which the reaction proceeds? What corresponds to the activation energy of the reaction? assume you have an “enzyme,” called jigglase, which catalyzes this reaction. What would the effect of jigglase be and what, mechanically, might jigglase do in this analogy?arrow_forwardWhich curve represents the spontaneous reaction, and which the nonspontaneous?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true? (a) The largerthe Q, the larger the ΔG°. (b) If Q = 0, the system is at equilibrium.(c) If a reaction is spontaneous under standardconditions, it is spontaneous under all conditions. (d) Thefree-energy change for a reaction is independent of temperature.(e) If Q > 1, ΔG > ΔG°.arrow_forward
- Define the following terms. (i) Rate constant (k) (ii) Activation energy (Ea)arrow_forwardfill out the two blanks using the diagram first blank either: spontaneous or nonspontaneous second blank: equalibrium or exergonic or endergonicarrow_forwardFor this reaction: 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2, the products have 2760 kJ/mole more free energy than the reactants. So, which of the following statements best describes the reaction? a The reaction is endergonic because it converts molecules with less free energy to those with more free energy. b The reaction is exergonic because it converts molecules with less free energy to those with more free energy. c The reaction is exergonic because it converts molecules with more free energy to those with less free energy d The reaction is endergonic because it converts molecules with more free energy to those with less free energy.arrow_forward
- How does the rate of the forward reaction compare to the rate of the reverse reaction for an endergonic reaction? For an exergonic reaction? Explain.arrow_forwardLabel the following statements true or false: (c) A nonspontaneous reaction will proceed spontaneously in the reverse direction. (d) A spontaneous process can occur with a large decrease in entropy.arrow_forwardFor a particular reaction, AH° = −16.1 kJ/mol and AS° = −21.8 J/(mol·K). Assuming these values change very little with temperature, at what temperature does the reaction change from nonspontaneous to spontaneous in the forward direction? OT= Is the reaction in the forward direction spontaneous at temperatures greater than or less than the calculated temperature? less than greater than Karrow_forward
- Which of the following is TRUE under the following conditions: the enzyme concentration is 2.5 nM, substrate concentration is 75 nM, the KM = 150 nM, and the Vmax = 20 nmol/min a) The rate of the reaction is 20 nmol/min! b) The rate of the reaction is between 10 nmol/min and 20 nmol/min. c) The rate of the reaction is 10 nmol/min. d) The rate of the reaction is below 10 nmol/min. e) The rate cannot be determined from the above information.arrow_forwardCalculate the value of AG, if the value of AH is +1200 Kcal/mol, AS is +60 Kcal/mol, and the reaction takes place at 300 K. Once you calculate the value of AG, you can predict the reaction is +16800 Kcal/mol, non-spontaneous/unfavorable - 16800 Kcal/mol, spontaneous/favorable -19200 Kcal/mol, spontaneous/favorable + 19200 Kcal/mol, non-spontaneous/unfavorablearrow_forwardConsider the multistep reaction below. What is the balanced chemical equation of the overall reaction? A) 2 A + B + C → C + D + 2E B) 2 A + B → 2 E k1 2A + B C + D (slow) C) 2 A + B → 2 E + D k2 C 2E (fast) D) 2 A + B – D E) 2 A + B + C → D + 2 Earrow_forward
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