Chapter 7, Problem 22QRT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The $\text{O-S-O}$ bond angles in ${\text{SO}}_{\text{2}}$ has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Bond angle is the angle between two bonds of a molecule and it is determined based on the electron-domain geometry.

$\begin{array}{l}\begin{array}{cccc}Typeofmolecule& Hybridaization& Geometry& Bondangle\\ A{X}_2& sp& Linear& {180}^{°}\\ A{X}_3,A{X}_{2}B& s{p}^2& Trigonalplanar& {120}^{°}\\ A{X}_4,A{X}_{3}B,A{X}_2{B}_2& s{p}^3& Tetrahedral& {109.5}^{°}\\ A{X}_5,A{X}_{4}B,A{X}_3{B}_2,A{X}_2{B}_3& s{p}^{3}d& Trigonalbipyramidal& {120}^{°},{90}^{°}\\ A{X}_6,A{X}_{5}B,A{X}_4{B}_2& s{p}^3{d}^2& Octahedral& {90}^{°}\end{array}\\ A\to Centralatom\\ X\to AtomsbondedtoA\\ B\to NonbondingelectronpairsonA\end{array}$.

Explanation of Solution

Given molecule is ${\text{SO}}_{\text{2}}$.

The Lewis electron dot structure for ${\text{SO}}_{\text{2}}$ is given below:

The electron-region geometry of Sulphur atom bonded to two other atoms and one lone pair of electron is triangular planar. It is a type of ${\text{AX}}_2{\text{E}}_1$ molecule and the $\text{O-S-O}$ bond angle is ${120}^{\circ }$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The $\text{F-B-F}$ bond angles in ${\text{BF}}_3$ should be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to (a).

Explanation of Solution

Given molecule is ${\text{BF}}_3$.

The Lewis electron dot structure for ${\text{BF}}_3$ is given below:

  .

The electron-region geometry of Boron atom bonded to three other atoms is triangular planar. It is a type of ${\text{AX}}_3{\text{E}}_0$ molecule and the $\text{F-B-F}$ bond angle is ${120}^{\circ }$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The bond angles of $\text{H-C-H}$ and $\text{C-C-N}$ in ${\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{CHN}$ has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to (a).

Explanation of Solution

Given molecule is ${\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{CHN}$.

The Lewis electron dot structure for ${\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{CHN}$ is given below:

  .

The electron-region geometry of first Carbon atom bonded to three other atoms is triangular planar. It is a type of ${\text{AX}}_3{\text{E}}_0$ molecule and the $\text{H-C-H}$ bond angle is ${120}^{\circ }$

The electron-region geometry of third Carbon atom bonded to two other atoms is linear. It is a type of ${\text{AX}}_2{\text{E}}_0$ molecule and the $\text{C-C-N}$ bond angle is ${180}^{\circ }.$

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The bond angles $\text{N-O-H}$ and $\text{O-N-O}$ in ${\text{HNO}}_3$ has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to (a).

Explanation of Solution

Given molecule is ${\text{HNO}}_3$.

The Lewis electron dot structure for ${\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{CHN}$ is given below:

  .

The electron-region geometry of first Oxygen atom bonded to two other atoms and two lone pair of electrons is tetrahedral. It is a type of ${\text{AX}}_2{\text{E}}_2$ and the $\text{N-O-H}$ bond angle is ${109.5}^{\circ }$

The electron-region geometry of nitrogen atom bonded to three other atoms is triangular planar. It is a type of ${\text{AX}}_3{\text{E}}_0$ molecule and the $\text{O-N-O}$ bond angle is ${120}^{\circ }.$