Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 6.5, Problem 8LO
Summary Introduction
To contrast: The signal amplification with the signal termination.
Concept introduction: Signals transduction is the process of conversion of an extracellular signal into an intracellular signal. It involves a cascade of molecules that transfers the information.
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Draw a simple sketch illustrating signal amplification.
describe how signal amplification is accomplished in target cell
Describe the essential features of a signal-transduction circuit
Chapter 6 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 6.1 - Describe the four main processes essential for...Ch. 6.1 - What is the sequence of events that takes place in...Ch. 6.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 6.2 - Compare three types of signaling molecules:...Ch. 6.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 6.2 - Prob. 2CCh. 6.2 - Prob. 3CCh. 6.3 - Identify mechanisms that make reception a highly...Ch. 6.3 - Prob. 4LOCh. 6.3 - Prob. 1C
Ch. 6.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 6.3 - Prob. 3CCh. 6.3 - Prob. 4CCh. 6.4 - Prob. 5LOCh. 6.4 - Trace the sequence of events in signal...Ch. 6.4 - How is an extracellular signal converted to an...Ch. 6.4 - Prob. 2CCh. 6.4 - Prob. 3CCh. 6.5 - Prob. 7LOCh. 6.5 - Prob. 8LOCh. 6.5 - Prob. 1CCh. 6.5 - Prob. 2CCh. 6.5 - Prob. 3CCh. 6.6 - Cite evidence supporting a long evolutionary...Ch. 6.6 - Prob. 1CCh. 6 - During signal transduction (a) the cell converts...Ch. 6 - When a signaling molecule binds with a receptor,...Ch. 6 - G proteinlinked receptors (a) inactivate G...Ch. 6 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 6 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 6 - Calcium ions (a) can act as second messengers (b)...Ch. 6 - When growth hormone binds to an enzyme-linked...Ch. 6 - Scaffold proteins (a) release kinases and...Ch. 6 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 6 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 6 - More than 500 genes have been identified in the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 6 - Prob. 13TYUCh. 6 - EVOLUTION LINK Cell signaling in plant and animal...Ch. 6 - EVOLUTION LINK Some of the same G proteinlinked...Ch. 6 - Prob. 16TYU
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- What is signal amplification and what is its benefit?arrow_forwardDescribe how a signal cascade may be terminated and explain why it is important to terminate signals.arrow_forwardA common membrane-bound intermediary between the receptor and the effector protein within the plasma membrane is the __________________.arrow_forward
- Describe what makes an incoming signal excitatory. Describe what makes an incoming signal inhibitory. Give typing answer with explanation and conclusionarrow_forwardDescribe how a very small quantity of receptor ligand is capable of eliciting a strong response in a target cell through amplification.arrow_forwardIn the prototypical neuron explain in detail the electro-chemical events that characterize an action potential leading to transmitter release. Also explain how the action potential is able to work with little expenditure of energy.arrow_forward
- Why do different cells respond to the same stimulus in different ways? State three potential outcomes of signal transduction events.arrow_forwardWhat is the Effector?arrow_forwardDescribe at least one mechanism that exists to switch off a signal after a signal transduction has occurred.arrow_forward
- Explain signal amplification and understand its importance in GPCR signal transductionarrow_forwardWhich part of the neuron is responsible for the analysis of data after the signal is received?arrow_forwardParkinson's Disease Parkinson's disease is neurodegenerative disorder that affects movement. Most people affected with Parkinson's disease demonstrate rigidity, slow movement, and shaking. The symptoms of Parkinson's disease occur when the cells that produce dopamine neurotransmitters die in the brain. Explain how the signal transmission at a synapse in an individual with Parkinson's disease is different than an unaffected individual. Describe the normal process of signal transmission at a synapse. Start with the arrival of an action potential at the axon terminal and include the name of the neurotransmitter that is affected by Parkinson's disease. Explain how the process is different in individuals affected with Parkinson's disease.arrow_forward
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